期刊首页 优先出版 当期阅读 过刊浏览 作者中心 关于期刊 English

《工程(英文)》 >> 2018年 第4卷 第2期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.03.008

工业生态系统与食物网——以一种基于生态学的质量流分析方法建立中国钢铁制造业模型

a George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA
b School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

收稿日期: 2017-11-02 修回日期: 2017-12-01 录用日期: 2018-01-03 发布日期: 2018-04-06

下一篇 上一篇

摘要

物质与能量在自然系统和工业系统之间的转换,为推导这些系统之间的相互作用提供了一种标准。考察这些流动是谈论工业如何影响环境的基本内容。我们认为体现可持续性的生物系统提供的方法和原理能为组织工业活动带来更多有用的方法。把这些生物学方法运用到钢铁制造中,可有效利用材料、减少废料并可利用目前的技术减少能源需求。在本文中,我们采用基于系统的质量流分析,利用生态学原理来考察中国钢铁行业中的材料随着时间变化产生的结构与流动方面的变化。运用现有数据,我们的分析结果表明中国钢铁制造业已在单元过程层面提高了能源效率及可持续利用程度,但合理地组织钢铁制造生态系统仍有进步空间。我们的结果表明通过协同行业的智能化布局利用钢铁制造中产生的废料,中国未来的钢铁行业将在减少废料的同时更好地体现生态系统的成熟度与健康状况。

补充材料

图片

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图7

图8

参考文献

[ 1 ] Odum EP. The strategy of ecosystem development. Science 1969;164 (3877):262–70. 链接1

[ 2 ] Reap JJ. Holistic biomimicry: a biologically inspired approach to environmentally benign engineering [dissertation]. Atlanta: Georgia Institute of Technology; 2009. 链接1

[ 3 ] Layton A, Reap J, Bras B, Weissburg M. Correlation between thermodynamic efficiency and ecological cyclicity for thermodynamic power cycles. PLoS One 2012;7(12):e51841. 链接1

[ 4 ] Layton A, Bras B, Weissburg M. Industrial ecosystems and food webs: an expansion and update of existing data for eco-industrial parks and understanding the ecological food webs they wish to mimic. J Ind Ecol 2016;20(1):85–98. 链接1

[ 5 ] World Commission on Environment and Development. Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: our common future. Report. New York: United Nations General Assembly; 1987 Aug. 链接1

[ 6 ] Bailey R, Allen JK, Bras B. Applying ecological input-output flow analysis to material flows in industrial systems: Part I: tracing flows. J Ind Ecol 2004;8(1– 2):45–68. 链接1

[ 7 ] Roberts FS. Discrete mathematical models: with applications to social, biological, and environmental problems. London: Pearson; 1976. 链接1

[ 8 ] Yodzis P. The connectance of real ecosystems. Nature 1980;284(5756):544–5. 链接1

[ 9 ] Bodini A, Bondavalli C. Towards a sustainable use of water resources: a whole- ecosystem approach using network analysis. Int J Environ Pollut 2002;18 (5):463–85. 链接1

[10] Zhang C, Wang H. Circular economy in the Chinese steel industry: case studies of two pilot enterprises. Report. Beijing: China Iron & Steel Research Institute; 2007. 链接1

[11] Liu Z, Sinton JE, Yang F, Levine MD, Ting MK. Industrial sector energy conservation programs in the People’s Republic of China during the Seventh Five-Year Plan (1986–1990). Report. Berkeley: University of California; 1994 Sep. Report No.: LBNL-36395. Contract No.: DE-AC03-76SF00098. 链接1

[12] Yin X, Chen W. Trends and development of steel demand in China: a bottom- up analysis. Resour Policy 2013;38(4):407–15. 链接1

[13] Bureau of International Recycling, Ferrous Division. World steel recycling in figures 2010–2014. Brussels: Bureau of International Recycling, Ferrous Division; 2015. 链接1

[14] National Bureau of Statistics of China. China statistical yearbook 2012. Beijing: China Statistics Press; 2012.

[15] Olivier JGJ, Janssens-Maenhout G, Muntean M, Peters JAHW. Trends in global CO2 emissions: 2013 report. The Hague: PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency; 2013.

[16] Li L, Lei Y, Pan D. Study of CO2 emissions in China’s iron and steel industry based on economic input–output life cycle assessment. Nat Hazards 2016;81 (2):957–70. 链接1

[17] International Energy Agency. Tracking industrial energy efficiency and CO2 emissions. Energy Policy 2007;30:849–63. 链接1

[18] China Iron and Steel Industry Association. China steel yearbook 2005–2010. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press; 2005–2010. Chinese. 链接1

[19] Fath BD, Halnes G. Cyclic energy pathways in ecological food webs. Ecol Model 2007;208(1):17–24. 链接1

[20] Briand F. Environmental control of food web structure. Ecology 1983;64 (2):253–63. 链接1

[21] Schoener TW. Food webs from the small to the large: the Robert H. MacArthur Award Lecture. Ecology 1989;70(6):1559–89. 链接1

[22] Allesina S, Bondavalli C, Scharler UM. The consequences of the aggregation of detritus pools in ecological networks. Ecol Model 2005;189(1–2):221–32. 链接1

[23] Warren PH. Variation in food-web structure: the determinants of connectance. Am Nat 1990;136(5):689–700. 链接1

[24] Scotti M, Bondavalli C, Bodini A, Allesina S. Using trophic hierarchy to understand food web structure. Oikos 2009;118(11):1695–702. 链接1

[25] Ulanowicz RE. Ascendancy: a measure of ecosystem performance. In: Jørgensen SE, Müller F, editors. Handbook of ecosystem theories and management. Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers; 2000. p. 303–15. 链接1

[26] Bodini A, Bondavalli C, Allesina S. Cities as ecosystems: growth, development and implications for sustainability. Ecol Model 2012;245: 185–98. 链接1

[27] Finn JT. Flow analysis: a method for tracing flows through ecosystem models [dissertation]. Athens: University of Georgia; 1977.

[28] Fath BD. Quantifying economic and ecological sustainability. Ocean Coast Manage 2015;108:13–9. 链接1

[29] Sun W, Cai J, Ye Z. Advances in energy conservation of the China steel industry. Sci World J 2013;2013:247035. 链接1

[30] Sinton JE, Levine MD, Wang Q. Energy efficiency in China: accomplishments and challenges. Energy Policy 1998;26(11):813–29. 链接1

[31] China Steel Development and Research Institute. The yearbook of iron and steel industry of China. Beijing: Editorial Department of the Yearbook of Iron and Steel Industry of China; 1988. Chinese. 链接1

[32] Ross M, Feng L. The energy efficiency of the steel industry of China. Energy 1991;16(5):833–48. 链接1

[33] Yin R. Metallurgical process engineering. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2013. 链接1

[34] Umadevi M, Kumar MGS, Mahapatra PC, Babu TM, Ranjan M. Recycling of steel plant mill scale via iron ore pelletisation process. Ironmak Steelmak 2009;36 (6):409–15. 链接1

[35] Worrell E, Galitsky C, Masanet E, Graus W. Energy efficiency improvement and cost saving opportunities for the glass industry: an ENERGY STAR® guide for energy and plant managers. Berkeley: University of California; 2008. 链接1

[36] Song L, Liu H. The Chinese steel industry’s transformation: structural change, performance and demand on resources. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing; 2013. 链接1

[37] Hewes AK, Lyons DI. The humanistic side of eco-industrial parks: champions and the role of trust. Reg Studies 2008;42(10):1329–42. 链接1

[38] Kharrazi A, Rovenskaya E, Fath BD, Yarime M, Kraines S. Quantifying the sustainability of economic resource networks: an ecological information- based approach. Ecol Econ 2013;90:177–86. 链接1

[39] Ulanowicz RE, Holt RD, Barfield M. Limits on ecosystem trophic complexity: insights from ecological network analysis. Ecol Lett 2014;17(2):127–36. 链接1

相关研究