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《工程(英文)》 >> 2018年 第4卷 第5期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.020

制造业的未来——一个新视角

a Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
b School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
c School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

收稿日期: 2018-01-29 修回日期: 2018-07-02 录用日期: 2018-07-23 发布日期: 2018-07-29

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摘要

关于智能制造,前人已发表了很多文章。其大多数内容都集中在硬件、软件、增材制造、机器人、物联网(Internet of Thing,IoT)以及工业4.0 等话题,而对另一些极重要的领域却少有讨论,如混合系统、先进制造业重定义、新制造的基本构成元素、制造业生态系统准备水平及技术可扩展性等。本文将通过实例,从全新的视角,为读者剖析这些领域中目前的四个挑战。挑战一:当我们希望提高公众对新制造业经济及其社会影响的认识水平,并获得政策制定者的明确支持时,应如何重新定义未来制造业。挑战二:如何正确认识到未来制造业的关键词是“混合”。它具有人类与机器人协作、增材制造与减材制造结合、金属材料与复合材料并用以及网络系统与物理系统融合等特点。因此,划定界限与制定标准变得尤其重要。挑战三:如何开发一个同时对技术、制造商业化和新制造生态系统做出评估的通用框架,以缩短生产到交付之间的时间;以及在该框架下,如何进一步制定一套可被广泛采用的、针对非信息技术的可扩增性测量的标准。最后,也是同样重要的是挑战四:如何通过公司多方合作,来验证“产- 学- 政”三位一体的模型是否成功。本文将详细讨论上述四大挑战。

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