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《工程(英文)》 >> 2019年 第5卷 第5期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.017

4种鼠尾草药用植物叶绿体基因组的对比分析

a College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Jinan 250355, China
b Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
c State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ganzhou 341000, China
d Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
e School of Biological Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
f College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
g Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China

收稿日期: 2018-07-23 修回日期: 2018-11-27 录用日期: 2019-01-07 发布日期: 2019-08-16

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摘要

本草基因组学是中药研究与开发的一个新兴领域。它将中药研究与基因组学相结合,有助于建立中药的科学有效性,使其在医学领域得到更广泛的应用。鼠尾草属(Salvia. Linn.)是唇形科的一个大属,包括很多重要的药用植物。在本草基因组学研究中,我们对两种被用作丹参替代品的鼠尾草属物种——甘西鼠尾草(S. przewalskii)、戟叶鼠尾草(S. bulleyana)——的叶绿体(cp)全基因组进行了测序,并与另外两种已有叶绿体全基因组公布的鼠尾草——丹参(S. miltiorrhiza)和鼠尾草(S. japonica)——的叶绿体全基因组进行了比较。比较内容为基因组结构、基因数目、类型和重复序列。注释结果表明,本研究中的两种鼠尾草均含有114个独有基因,其中蛋白编码基因80个,转运RNA(tRNA)基因30个,核糖体RNA(rRNA)基因4个。重复序列分析显示,两种鼠尾草叶绿体基因组都含有21条正向重复序列和22条回文重复序列,甘西鼠尾草和戟叶鼠尾草分别有17条和21条串联重复序列。对4种鼠尾草叶绿体基因组的同源性比较表明,其编码区具有高度的序列相似性,而基因间隔区域具有较高的差异。序列比对和单核苷酸多态(SNP)分析发现了一些可以鉴定鼠尾草属物种的候选片段,如trnV-ndhCtrnQ-rps16atpI-atpHpsbA-ycf3等基因间区和ycf1rpoC2ndhFmatKrpoBrpoAaccD等基因。所有的结果——包括重复序列和SNP位点,反向重复(IR)区域边界,以及系统发育分析——都表明,从遗传学角度来看,甘西鼠尾草和戟叶鼠尾草是极其相似的。本文报道的两种鼠尾草的叶绿体基因组序列将为鼠尾草属药用植物的育种、物种鉴定、系统进化和叶绿体基因工程研究奠定基础。

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