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《工程(英文)》 >> 2019年 第5卷 第4期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.005

电动汽车锂电池模块设计中相似性能电池聚类的综合方法

a State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

b Ministry of Education Key Lab of Mechatronic Systems Intelligent Integration Technology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China

收稿日期: 2018-08-28 修回日期: 2018-10-25 录用日期: 2019-06-03 发布日期: 2019-07-10

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摘要

新能源汽车的核心组成部分为能量存储系统,该系统由多个锂电池模块组成,为车辆传动系统提供主要动力。然而模块中的单体电池由于生产制造的缺陷,在性能上往往表现出差异。这些差异的存在会导致电池模块的不完全充放电以及温度分布的不均匀,进而导致循环寿命和电池容量随着时间的推移而降低。为解决这一问题,本工作采用实验和数值方法对性能相似的电池进行了全面的聚类研究,从而得到了电化学性能更好的电池模块。首先通过模块拆解实验来测量电池性能参数,并基于k-均值聚类与支持向量聚类算法设计电池模块,每个模块均由12块电池组成。然后在风冷条件下测量一定时间内电池模块的实际温升,验证聚类设计的效果。研究发现第三类(支持向量聚类)电池模块的性能最佳,充放电最高观测温度为32 ℃。相比之下,其他电池模块的最高温度值要更高:第一类(厂家原装)电池模块为40 ℃,第二类(厂家原装)电池模块为36 ℃,以及第四类(k-均值聚类)电池模块为35 ℃。

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