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《工程(英文)》 >> 2021年 第7卷 第7期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.03.010

新冠病毒肺炎患者医学观察和救治集中隔离场所——感染风险最小化管控的中国武汉经验

a China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
b Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan 215316, China
c Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
d Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China

# These authors contributed equally to this work.

收稿日期: 2020-11-17 修回日期: 2021-02-25 录用日期: 2021-04-22 发布日期: 2021-04-22

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摘要

新冠病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情大流行给整个医疗系统带来沉重的负担,同时暴露出医疗系统对医疗资源和物理空间的极大需求,但是目前很少有研究探讨医疗资源和物理空间的高效利用。因此,本研究旨在总结中国在新冠病毒肺炎疫情期间用于医学观察和救治的集中隔离场所的经验,以期为进一步提升对确诊病例、疑似病例和密切接触者的管理水平提供建议。通过对三种类型的集中隔离场所(方舱医院、非定点医院和隔离宾馆)进行改建,对确诊和疑似病例进行了治疗和隔离。这些场所减轻了即时空间需求。此外,为了减小这些场所内的感染风险,监管机构和政府机构实施了新的设计、管理和预防措施,以最大限度减少感染风险。其他国家和地区可以借鉴中国武汉的实践经验,通过对社会资源进行优化配置来应对COVID-19疫情大流行。总之,为了应急响应,政府应该统筹分配社会资源,建设集中隔离场所;卫生机构应该发布集中隔离场所规定,对这些场所的日常管理予以高度重视;需要组建一支跨领域管理团队以支持集中隔离场所的日常运营;鼓励集中隔离政策的深入研究和国际合作。

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