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《工程(英文)》 >> 2022年 第18卷 第11期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.09.017

建筑环境智能监测与反馈系统——发展与应用

a School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
b Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, China
c Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
d Architectural Design and Research Institute of Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
e Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning and Design Institute, Beijing 100085, China

收稿日期: 2020-12-24 修回日期: 2021-09-07 录用日期: 2021-09-14 发布日期: 2021-12-23

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摘要

室内环境质量对人们的健康和福祉有显著影响,环境参数的连续监测与用户反馈已成为建筑业和学术界普遍关注的问题之一。现有关于环境监测系统的研究大多关注于传感器精度与成本效益的提升,而忽略了环境与用户之间的交互作用。为此,本团队开发了一种建筑环境智能监测与反馈系统,即智能建筑环境监测器(IBEM),既解决了室内环境参数的高时空分辨率、大通量、精准监测难题,又实现了环境与用户之间的反馈交互和主客观数据的同步采集。在硬件层面,IBEM集成了温度、相对湿度、PM2.5、CO2及照度多类传感器,并通过结构和电路优化设计减小了传感器之间的相互干扰,其测试精度经过与标准仪器的比对实验得到了有效验证,结果显示IBEM与标准仪器的测量数据基本一致,相关性强、误差小(R2 > 0.97,拟合斜率介于1.01 和1.05 之间)。在软件层面,基于无线通信和云技术建立了Web 端和移动端的可视化平台与用户交互界面,形成了环境数据的信息流及环境数据与用户交互反馈的通路。目前,IBEM已在国内18 个城市的131 栋建筑中得到了广泛应用,测点数量共1188 个,典型应用场景包括了室内环境问题的靶向诊断、主客观环境数据的关联分析等。综上,IBEM为人居环境领域的学术研究和工程实践提供了重要技术支撑。

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