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《工程(英文)》 >> 2022年 第18卷 第11期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.11.026

原子界面催化合成SnP/CoP异质纳米晶嵌入碳杂化物用于高功率型锂离子电池

a Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
b Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China

收稿日期: 2020-12-01 修回日期: 2021-11-14 录用日期: 2021-11-19 发布日期: 2022-05-31

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摘要

磷化锡(SnP)具有极佳的锂离子扩散能力和高理论比容量,是高功率锂离子电池的理想负极材料。然而,SnP的合成难度高,大尺寸晶粒导致的电化学不可逆也阻碍了其应用。根据密度泛函理论(DFT)计算,使用原位催化磷化方法可以显著降低SnP的相对生成能。因此,在还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)包裹的碳骨架内合成了SnP/CoP异质纳米晶。所得复合材料具有超快充放电能力(50 A·g−1时容量为260 mA·h·g−1),且循环1500次不会出现容量衰减(2 A·g−1时容量为645 mA·h·g−1)。充放电机理分析表明尺寸为4.0 nm的SnP/CoP纳米晶具有高反应可逆性,且CoP在较高电位生成的金属Co加速了低电位SnP反应的动力学,从而赋予材料超快充放电能力。相对电流密度的有限元模拟进一步验证了这一现象。

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