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《中国工程科学》 >> 2018年 第20卷 第6期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.06.002

颠覆性技术概念的战略内涵及政策启示

1.中国工程科技创新战略研究院,北京100089;

2.中国工程物理研究院,四川绵阳621900;

3.中国工程物理研究院战略技术装备发展中心,北京100094

资助项目 :中国工程院咨询项目“工程科技颠覆性技术战略研究”(2017-ZD-10) 收稿日期: 2018-10-25 修回日期: 2018-11-12 发布日期: 2018-12-31

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摘要

颠覆性技术概念自提出以来得到广泛应用,研究视角不同尚未有统一定义。由于颠覆性技术具有定义时代重构格局的变革性效果,日益上升为国家战略关口地带,国家视角下认识颠覆性技术对于发展颠覆性技术具有现实指导意义;本文在探讨不同视角颠覆性技术概念思想上,指出国家视角的颠覆性技术是基于科学技术的新原理、新组合和新应用而开辟的全新技术轨道,导致传统产业归零或价值网络重组,并决定性影响社会技术体系升级跃迁,或国家现有基础、能力、结构等重构的战略性创新技术;同时,从来源、结构、跨度、尺度、层次与路径等角度分析提出了颠覆性技术的一种解构框架;在此基础上从注重前沿与实用相结合、注重过程性、注重现实与未来平衡、注重创新管理模式、注重战略研究五个方面,对于从国家视角发展颠覆性技术获得了若干政策启示。

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