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《中国工程科学》 >> 2021年 第23卷 第5期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.05.004

公共卫生应急精准防控与一体化管理

清华大学公共安全研究院,北京 100084

资助项目 :中国工程院咨询项目“我国突发公共卫生事件应急防控体系研究”(2020-ZD-17) 收稿日期: 2021-07-28 修回日期: 2021-08-30 发布日期: 2021-10-20

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摘要

面对全球日益复杂且频发的突发公共卫生事件安全风险形势,公共卫生应急体系与能力的现代化建设至关重要,关系到国家总体安全保障水平的提高,因而是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化改革的急需。本文围绕新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控,从疫情监测报告系统、哨点监测与多点触发机制、面向个人的手机端应用程序3 个方面梳理了我国公共卫生应急防控的发展现状,深入探索了公共卫生应急精准防控与一体化管理的发展思路,并针对性地提出了对策建议。在精准化防控方面,需要综合传染病疫情时空建模和计算方法、疫情数据采集与信息统计、基层社区防控、应急资源保障等多方面需求落实防控措施;在一体化管理方面,要结合非常态下的社会治理信息采集与感知、数据分析与计算平台赋能、基层社会快速响应和指挥调度、疫情监测预警与态势预测、疫情风险的持续风险评估等实现全社会协同的公共卫生应急防控。研究建议,应加强数据与计算分析技术合力赋能疫情防控,实现精准感知管理;完善传染病监测报告系统建设;构建公共卫生治理的一体化防控体系。

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