《中国工程科学》 >> 2022年 第24卷 第1期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.001
面向 2050 年我国农业发展战略研究
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摘要
在全球大变革背景下,实现农业现代化需要展望并研判2050 年我国农业发展前景、方向与目标,针对性提出加速实现农业现代化的总体思路、关键措施、保障政策。本文梳理了我国农业历史发展经验,深入分析了未来全球农业发展面临的机遇与挑战,进而研判我国未来农业的发展趋势。研究结果表明,过去40 余年我国农业取得迅速增长,科技进步、制度创新、市场改革、农业公共投入是四大驱动力;着眼中长期,农业现代化仍面临农业劳动生产率低、水土资源环境恶化、全球供应链不确定性加大等多重挑战;需要秉持创新、绿色、高效、永续发展理念,在保障居民口粮绝对安全、粮食总供给自主可控的前提下,加快发展高效、绿色、多功能的高值农业。研究建议,实施以口粮绝对安全底线保障为代表的七大重点战略、以现代生物育种与种业创新为标志的八大重点工程,制定农业优先发展、农村土地制度创新、农业科技体制改革、农民教育培训、高值农业发展支持、全球粮食贸易治理等政策措施。
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