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Frontiers of Medicine >> 2020, Volume 14, Issue 5 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0800-y

Use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in context of COVID-19 outbreak: a retrospective analysis

. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China.. Department of Infectious Diseases, Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan 430030, China.. Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.. Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.. Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China.. Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.. Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.. Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK.. Tsinghua University–Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China.. Chinese Academy of Engineering, Beijing 100088, China

Received: 2020-06-04 Accepted: 2020-07-06 Available online: 2020-07-06

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Abstract

The possible effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) on COVID-19 disease severity have generated considerable debate. We performed a single-center, retrospective analysis of hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, who had definite clinical outcome (dead or discharged) by February 15, 2020. Patients on anti-hypertensive treatment with or without ACEI/ARB were compared on their clinical characteristics and outcomes. The medical records from 702 patients were screened. Among the 101 patients with a history of hypertension and taking at least one anti-hypertensive medication, 40 patients were receiving ACEI/ARB as part of their regimen, and 61 patients were on anti-hypertensive medication other than ACEI/ARB. We observed no statistically significant differences in percentages of in-hospital mortality (28% vs. 34%, =0.46), ICU admission (20% vs. 28%, =0.37) or invasive mechanical ventilation (18% vs. 26%, =0.31) between patients with or without ACEI/ARB treatment. Further multivariable adjustment of age and gender did not provide evidence for a significant association between ACEI/ARB treatment and severe COVID-19 outcomes. Our findings confirm the lack of an association between chronic receipt of renin-angiotensin system antagonists and severe outcomes of COVID-19. Patients should continue previous anti-hypertensive therapy until further evidence is available.

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