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2009, Volume 3, Issue 2

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering >> 2009, Volume 3, Issue 2 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0020-9

Two-dimensional numerical and eco-toxicological modeling of chemical spills

1. Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment, Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; 2. National Center for Computational Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA

Available online: 2009-06-05
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Abstract

The effects of chemical spills on aquatic non-target organisms were evaluated in this study. Based on a review of three types of current eco-toxicological models of chemicals, i.e., ACQUATOX model of the US-EPA, Hudson River Model of PCBs, and critical body residual (CBR) model and dynamic energy budget (DEBtox) model, this paper presents an uncoupled numerical eco-toxicological model. The transport and transformation of spilled chemicals were simulated by a chemical transport model (including flow and sediment transport), and the mortalities of an organism caused by the chemicals were simulated by the extended threshold damage model, separately. Due to extreme scarcity of data, this model was applied to two hypothetical cases of chemical spills happening upstream of a lake. Theoretical analysis and simulated results indicated that this model is capable of reasonably predicting the acute effects of chemical spills on aquatic ecosystems or organism killings.

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