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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering >> 2022, Volume 23, Issue 1 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100321

Ultra-low-power backscatter-based software-defined radio for intelligent and simplified IoT network

Affiliation(s): School of Electronic Information and Communication, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430063, China; Wuhan Maritime Communication Research Institute, Wuhan 430079, China; School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK; less

Received: 2021-07-02 Accepted: 2022-01-24 Available online: 2022-01-24

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Abstract

The recent decade has witnessed an upsurge in the demands of intelligent and simplified Internet of Things (IoT) networks that provide ultra-low-power communication for numerous miniaturized devices. Although the research community has paid great attention to wireless protocol designs for these networks, researchers are handicapped by the lack of an energy-efficient software-defined radio (SDR) platform for fast implementation and experimental evaluation. Current SDRs perform well in battery-equipped systems, but fail to support miniaturized IoT devices with stringent hardware and power constraints. This paper takes the first step toward designing an that satisfies the ultra-low-power or even battery-free requirements of intelligent and simplified . To achieve this goal, the core technique is the effective integration of μW-level in our SDR to sidestep power-hungry active radio frequency chains. We carefully develop a novel circuit design for efficient energy harvesting and power control, and devise a competent solution for eliminating the harmonic and mirror frequencies caused by hardware. We evaluate the proposed SDR using different modulation schemes, and it achieves a high data rate of 100 kb/s with power consumption less than 200 μW in the active mode and as low as 10 μW in the sleep mode. We also conduct a case study of railway inspection using our platform, achieving 1 kb/s battery-free data delivery to the monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle at a distance of 50 m in a real-world environment, and provide two case studies on smart factories and logistic distribution to explore the application of our platform.

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