Journal Home Online First Current Issue Archive For Authors Journal Information 中文版

Strategic Study of CAE >> 2002, Volume 4, Issue 5

Real-time Forecast of Irrigation

1.Water Resources College, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China

2.National Center of Irrigation and Drainage Development, PRC, Beijing 100053, China

3.Irrigation Experiment Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050061, China

Received: 2001-11-30 Revised: 2001-12-21 Available online: 2002-05-20

Next Previous

Abstract

The real-time forecast of irrigation is one of the essential part of the work for compiling a dynamic plan of irrigation water use. It plays an important role in saving water, increasing crop yields and economic benefits in an irrigation area. The real-time forecast of water requirements of crops is the essential and difficult part in the real-time foreast of irrigation. The methods and models for the conventional forecast of crop water requirement ,applied both in China and the world, are based on the application of the historic data from typical hydro-logic years. They can not used for the real-time forecast. In this paper, on the basis of the analyses of the relationship between the crop water requirements and the meteorological factors and non-meteorological factors such as the factors of plant and soil, the method and models for the real-time forecast of crop water requirements based on the factors of weather types, leaves cover percentage and effective soil moisture are presented and recommended. The concrete steps and computer block diagram are introduced. The main improvements are that the weather type is used instead of such four meteorological factors in Modified Peman's Eguation as air temperature, humidity, sunshine hour and wind speed,the leaves cover percentage is used instead of the leaves area index, and an improved equation for calculating soil moisture correction coefficient is proposed. Based on the results of the real-time forecast of crop water requirement and precipitation, the real-time measurement of soil moisture (for dry food crops fields) or depth of water layer (for paddy fields) and the maximum and minimum values of soil moisture content or water depth for getting high yields and saving water, and the calculation of field water balance, the method and models of real-time irrigation forecast including the real-time forecast of the date and quota of irrigation for both dry food crops fields and paddy fields are presented. In this paper, the precision of the real-time forecast and its effects on increasing yield and saving water are also introduced and discussed.

Figures

图1

图2

图3

References

[ 1 ] Mao Zhi, Forecast of crop evapotranspiration [J ]. ICID Bulletin, 1994, 43( 1):23~36

[ 2 ] 前 智,李远华.作物需水量等值线图的原理、绘制 与应用[J].水利学报,1988,(1):1~12

[ 3 ] 刘 钮,蔡林根,Pereira L S, et al.参照腾发量的新 定义及计算方法对比[J].水利学报,1997, (6):27~ 33

[ 4 ] 康绍忠,刘晓明,熊运章.土壤-植物-大气连续体 水分传输理论及其应用[M].北京:水利电力出版 社,1994. 129 ~131.38 ~63

[ 5 ] 布 智,李远华,李会昌.逐日作物需水量预测数学 模型研究[J].武汉水利电力大学学报,1995, (3): 总 253~259

[ 6 ] 李会昌.节水条件下旱作物灌溉预报原理与应用研 究[D].武汉:武汉水利电力大学,1994.38~63

[ 7 ] 斐步祥.蒸发和蒸散的测定与计算[M].北京:气象 出版社,1989.103~104

[ 8 ] Allen R G, Pereira L S, Rase D, et al. Crop evapo¬transpiration [ D] . FAO irrigation and drainage paper. No. 56, 1998.23-28

[ 9 ] Frere M, Popov G F. Agrometeorological crop monitor¬ing and forecast[D]. FAO plant production and protac¬tion paper, 1979

[10] 吴厚水.根据潜在需水量进行灌溉用水预报[J].水 利学报,1982, (1): 1~9

[11] 中国主要农作物需水量等值线图协作组.中国主要 农作物需水量等值线图研究[M].北京:中国农业出 版社,1993.3-18

[12] 苏 智,崔远来,董 斌,等.水稻高效节水与持续 高产的灌排技术[R].武汉:武汉大学,2001.57~86

[13] 李远华,崔远来,杨常武,等.漳河灌区实时灌溉预 报研究[J].水科学进展,1997, (1): 71~77

[14] 李远华.实时灌溉预报及应用[J].水利学报,1994, (2):46~51

Related Research