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Biological features of intrahepatic CD4+CD25+ T cells in the naturally tolerance of rat liver transplantation

LU Ling, ZHANG Feng, PU Liyong, YAO Aihua, YU Yue, SUN Beicheng, LI Guoqiang, WANG Xuehao

Frontiers of Medicine 2007, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 373-376 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0072-9

Abstract: subjects were divided into three groups according to different donors and recipients [Tolerance group: LEW-to-DA; Rejection group: DA-to-LEW; Syngegnic group (control group): DA-to-DA].cells could specifically express the Foxp3 gene compared with CD4CD25 T cells. , the spleen cells from LEW

Keywords： magnetic     LEW-to-DA     effector     MACS     cytometry    

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Understanding building-occupant-microbiome interactions toward healthy built environments: A review

Shuai Li, Zhiyao Yang, Da Hu, Liu Cao, Qiang He

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1357-3

Abstract: Abstract • The built environment, occupants, and microbiomes constitute an integrated ecosystem. • This review summarizes research progress which has focused primarily on microbiomes. • Critical research needs include studying impacts of occupant behaviors on microbiomes. Built environments, occupants, and microbiomes constitute a system of ecosystems with extensive interactions that impact one another. Understanding the interactions between these systems is essential to develop strategies for effective management of the built environment and its inhabitants to enhance public health and well-being. Numerous studies have been conducted to characterize the microbiomes of the built environment. This review summarizes current progress in understanding the interactions between attributes of built environments and occupant behaviors that shape the structure and dynamics of indoor microbial communities. In addition, this review also discusses the challenges and future research needs in the field of microbiomes of the built environment that necessitate research beyond the basic characterization of microbiomes in order to gain an understanding of the causal mechanisms between the built environment, occupants, and microbiomes, which will provide a knowledge base for the development of transformative intervention strategies toward healthy built environments. The pressing need to control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor environments highlights the urgency and significance of understanding the complex interactions between the built environment, occupants, and microbiomes, which is the focus of this review.

Keywords： Microbiome     Built Environment     Occupant     Health    

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Engineering Informatics: State of the Art and Future Trends

Li-da Xu

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2014, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 270-282 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014038

Abstract: Engineering informatics is an emerging engineering discipline integrating information technology or informatics with a variety of engineering disciplines. It is an interdisciplinary scientific subject focusing on applying advanced information and communications technology (ICT) to a variety of engineering disciplines. Rapid advances in industrial information integration methods have spurred the growth of new techniques that can be used for probing industrial information integration including engineering informatics. These techniques include business process management (BPM), enterprise architecture (EA), enterprise application integration (EAI), service-oriented architecture (SOA), and others. Practical applications may require a combination of these techniques that have originated from different disciplines. These techniques have the potential to contribute to engineering informatics. For integrating complex engineering systems, both formal methods and systems methods are crucial. In this paper, we briefl review the state of the art of engineering informatics as it interfacing with industrial information integration.

Keywords： engineering informatics     industrial integration     industrial information integration engineering (IIIE)     engineering management    

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An Internet-of-Things Initiative for One Belt One Road (OBOR)

Li Da Xu

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2016, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 206-223 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016039

Abstract: A wide range of industrial Internet of Things (IoT) applications have been developed and deployed in recent years. IoT has provided a promising opportunity to build powerful industrial systems and applications by leveraging the growing ubiquity of RFID, wireless, mobile and sensor devices. In an effort to understand the development of IoT in industries, this paper reviews the current research of IoT, key enabling technologies, major IoT applications in industries, and identifies research trends and challenges. As IoT has received support from governments and businesses across the globe, IoT will also greatly impact One Belt One Road (OBOR) in foreseeable future.

Keywords： Internet of Things (IoT)     RFID     Wireless Sensor Networks     Near Field Communications     ICT    

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Assessment of postcombustion carbon capture technologies for power generation

Diniz da COSTA,

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 184-195 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0234-1

Abstract: A significant proportion of power generation stems from coal-combustion processes and accordingly represents one of the largest point sources of CO emissions worldwide. Coal power plants are major assets with large infrastructure and engineering units and an operating life span of up to 50 years. Hence, any process design modification to reduce greenhouse gas emissions may require significant investment. One of the best options to utilize existing infrastructure is to retrofit the power station fleet by adding a separation process to the flue gas, a practice known as postcombustion capture (PCC). This review examines the recent PCC development and provides a summary and assessment of the state of play in this area and its potential applicability to the power generation industry. The major players including the various institutes, government, and industry consortia are identified along with flue gas PCC demonstration scale plants. Of the PCC technologies reviewed, amine-based absorption is preeminent, being both the most mature and able to be adapted immediately, to the appropriate scale, for power station flue gas with minimal technical risk. Indeed, current commercial applications serve niches in the merchant CO market, while a substantial number of smaller scale test facilities are reported in the literature with actual CO capture motivated demonstrations now commencing. Hybrid membrane/absorption systems, also known as membrane contactors, offer the potential for the lowest energy requirements, possibly 10% of current direct scrubbers but are at an early stage of development. Other methods being actively pursued as R&D projects include solid absorbents, solid adsorbents, gas membrane separators, and cryogenic separation. The variety and different maturities of these competing technologies make technical comparison largely subjective, but useful insights could be gained through the development and application of econometric techniques such as ‘real options’ within this context. Despite these limitations, it is clear from this review that amine scrubbing is likely to be adapted first into the existing power station fleet, while less mature technologies will grow and become integrated with the development of future power stations.
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Real option-based optimization for financial incentive allocation in infrastructure projects under public–private partnerships

Shuai LI, Da HU, Jiannan CAI, Hubo CAI

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 413-425 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0045-0

Abstract: Financial incentives that stimulate energy investments under public–private partnerships are considered scarce public resources, which require deliberate allocation to the most economically justified projects to maximize the social benefits. This study aims to solve the financial incentive allocation problem through a real option-based nonlinear integer programming approach. Real option theory is leveraged to determine the optimal timing and the corresponding option value of providing financial incentives. The ambiguity in the evolution of social benefits, the decision-maker’s attitude toward ambiguity, and the uncertainty in social benefits and incentive costs are all considered. Incentives are offered to the project portfolio that generates the maximum total option value. The project portfolio selection is formulated as a stochastic knapsack problem with random option values in the objective function and random incentive costs in the probabilistic budget constraint. The linear probabilistic budget constraint is subsequently transformed into a nonlinear deterministic one. Finally, the integer non-linear programming problem is solved, and the optimality gap is computed to assess the quality of the optimal solution. A case study is presented to illustrate how the limited financial incentives can be optimally allocated under uncertainty and ambiguity, which demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed method.

Keywords： financial incentives     public–private partnerships     energy infrastructure projects     real option     optimization     uncertainty    

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Grazing incidence polarized light imaging of footwear prints Regular Article

Xin-yi Bi, Rui-fang Han, Ran Liao, Wu-sheng Feng, Da Li, Xue-jie Zhang, Hui Ma,liao.ran@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 11,   Pages 1543-1550 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800383

Abstract: Footwear prints are important evidence in criminal investigation. They represent changes in the surface morphology due to disturbance to fine distributions. Existing non-contact optical detection methods usually measure the light intensity contrasts between the footwear prints and the ground, which can be enhanced by grazing incident illumination. We take images of footwear prints on different types of floors using a commercial single lens reflex color camera. Results show that adding linear polarizers in front of the camera lens and light source improves the contrast of footwear print images. The best contrasts are achieved in degree of linear . In addition, the three-color channels of the camera can be used to examine the spectral features of the images. According to the experimental results, the best contrast is obtained at the blue channel. The current work shows that grazing incidence polarized light imaging can effectively enhance the contrast of the footwear prints against the floors, which would help obtain footwear evidence in criminal investigation.

Keywords： 偏振；图像增强；散射；粒子    

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Guidelines for navigation-assisted spine surgery

Wei Tian, Bo Liu, Da He, Yajun Liu, Xiaoguang Han, Jingwei Zhao, Mingxing International Society for Computer

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4,   Pages 518-527 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0775-8

Abstract: Spinal surgery is a technically demanding and challenging procedure because of the complicated anatomical structures of the spine and its proximity to several important tissues. Surgical landmarks and fluoroscopy have been used for pedicle screw insertion but are found to produce inaccuracies in placement. Improving the safety and accuracy of spinal surgery has increasingly become a clinical concern. Computer-assisted navigation is an extension and application of precision medicine in orthopaedic surgery and has significantly improved the accuracy of spinal surgery. However, no clinical guidelines have been published for this relatively new and fast-growing technique, thus potentially limiting its adoption. In accordance with the consensus of consultant specialists, literature reviews, and our local experience, these guidelines include the basic concepts of the navigation system, workflow of navigation-assisted spinal surgery, some common pitfalls, and recommended solutions. This work helps to standardize navigation-assisted spinal surgery, improve its clinical efficiency and precision, and shorten the clinical learning curve.

Keywords： guidelines     spine surgery     computer-assisted navigation    

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Computational fluid dynamics applied to high temperature hydrogen separation membranes

DINIZ da COSTA

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 3-12 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1161-5

Abstract: This work reviews the development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling for hydrogen separation, with a focus on high temperature membranes to address industrial requirements in terms of membrane systems as contactors, or in membrane reactor arrangements. CFD modeling of membranes attracts interesting challenges as the membrane provides a discontinuity of flow, and therefore cannot be solved by the Navier-Stokes equations. To address this problem, the concept of source has been introduced to understand gas flows on both sides or domains (feed and permeate) of the membrane. This is an important solution, as the gas flow and concentrations in the permeate domain are intrinsically affected by the gas flow and concentrations in the feed domain and vice-versa. In turn, the source term will depend on the membrane used, as different membrane materials comply with different transport mechanisms, in addition to varying gas selectivity and fluxes. This work also addresses concentration polarization, a common effect in membrane systems, though its significance is dependent upon the performance of the membrane coupled with the operating conditions. Finally, CFD modeling is shifting from simplified single gas simulation to industrial gas mixtures, when the mathematical treatment becomes more complex.

Keywords： membrane     gas separation     computational fluid dynamics     concentration polarization     hydrogen    

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Calculated journal bearing lubrication of non-Newtonian medium with surface roughness effects

CHEN Hao-sheng, CHEN Da-rong, WANG Jia-dao, LI Yong-jian

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2006, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 270-275 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0028-9

Abstract: To analyze the effects of non-Newtonian lubricants and surface roughness in journal bearing lubrication, a modified Reynolds equation is derived. In the equation, differential viscosity and the first normal stress function are defined to specify the rheological properties of non- Newtonian medium. Flow factors are used to specify the effect of surface roughness. The modified Reynolds equation is numerically calculated using super over relaxation method. Numerical results of the lubrication show that the differential viscosity is the principal non-Newtonian property affecting the lubrication, it is determined by the material parameters of the lubricant and is affected by the shearing rate. Under its effect, the load capacity of non-Newtonian lubricants is not always higher or lower than that of Newtonian lubricants . The effect of the first normal stress difference increases under the conditions of dynamic loading. Surface roughness shows an obvious effect on load capacity when it is greater than one-tenth of the film thickness, and the surface with longitudinal pattern affects the load capacity most. However, surface roughness has less effect on lubrication results than lubricants non-Newtonian property.

Keywords： rheological     dynamic     lubrication     roughness     shearing    

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Decontamination of mobile phones and electronic devices for health care professionals using a chlorhexidine/carbomer 940® gel

Rafael Muniz de Oliveira, Nereida Mello da Rosa Gioppo, Jancineide Oliveira de Carvalho, Francilio Carvalho

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 1,   Pages 192-198 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1728-5

Abstract: Though they reduce microorganism growth, current hospital disinfectants also damage many of today’s modern electronic devices such as tablets and smartphones. Herein, the efficacy of a new chlorhexidine digluconate gel (CDG) was tested as a disinfectant for mobile and electronic devices in a clinical environment. Specifically, , , and methicillin resistant were used to infect the screen of eight smartphones. The CDG was prepared at concentrations of 2%, 4% and 6%, and tested on paper disks infected with these bacteria before being tested on the smartphones. The devices were disinfected with the CDG gel (4%) at two times: immediately and after 5 min of the bacterial contamination. In all cases, the CDG gel eliminated 100% of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms compared to the control (without any agent). In addition, the gel did not damage the smartphones. Therefore, our study suggests that the CDG gel may be applied to disinfect a wide range of electronic devices for health care professionals in the hospital environment.

Keywords： smartphones     disinfection     clinical environment     chlorhexidine     bacteria    

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Theoretical analysis of novel weak current sensor using FeCuNbSiB single nanocrystalline toroidal core and double-winding

BAO Bing-hao, ZHU Da-qi, DING Jian-ning, LI Chang-sheng

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2006, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 439-442 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0054-7

Abstract: An FeCuNbSiB nanocrystalline toroidal core made by isothermal furnace annealing shows good thermal stability of magnetic properties and excellent soft magnetic properties due to the full release of the internal stresses of the core during the annealing process. Based on the feature of the magnetic core, a novel non-contact type weak current sensor adopting single nanocrystalline core and double-winding excited by multivibrator bridge is proposed. The measuring principles for static current are given in theory by an established mathematical model of the sensor. The theory is in good agreement with the experimental results and it indicated clearly the key factors affecting performance parameters for the sensor. The multivibrator bridge output signal was analyzed by Fourier transform. Furthermore, according to the theoretical results, the method to design the signal conditioning circuit was introduced.

Keywords： measuring     mathematical     Furthermore     transform     FeCuNbSiB nanocrystalline    

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Improving performance portability for GPU-specific OpenCL kernels onmulti-core/many-coreCPUs by analysis-based transformations

Mei WEN,Da-fei HUANG,Chang-qing XUN,Dong CHEN

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2015, Volume 16, Issue 11,   Pages 899-916 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500032

Abstract: OpenCL is an open heterogeneous programming framework. Although OpenCL programs are functionally portable, they do not provide performance portability, so code transformation often plays an irreplaceable role. When adapting GPU-specific OpenCL kernels to run on multi-core/many-core CPUs, coarsening the thread granularity is necessary and thus has been extensively used. However, locality concerns exposed in GPU-specific OpenCL code are usually inherited without analysis, which may give side-effects on the CPU performance. Typically, the use of OpenCL’s local memory on multi-core/many-core CPUs may lead to an opposite performance effect, because local-memory arrays no longer match well with the hardware and the associated synchronizations are costly. To solve this dilemma, we actively analyze the memory access patterns using array-access descriptors derived from GPU-specific kernels, which can thus be adapted for CPUs by (1) removing all the unwanted local-memory arrays together with the obsolete barrier statements and (2) optimizing the coalesced kernel code with vectorization and locality re-exploitation. Moreover, we have developed an automated tool chain that makes this transformation of GPU-specific OpenCL kernels into a CPU-friendly form, which is accompanied with a scheduler that forms a new OpenCL runtime. Experiments show that the automated transformation can improve OpenCL kernel performance on a multi-core CPU by an average factor of 3.24. Satisfactory performance improvements are also achieved on Intel’s many-integrated-core coprocessor. The resultant performance on both architectures is better than or comparable with the corresponding OpenMP performance.

Keywords： OpenCL     Performance portability     Multi-core/many-core CPU     Analysis-based transformation    

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Exploiting a depth contextmodel in visual tracking with correlation filter Article

Zhao-yun CHEN, Lei LUO, Da-fei HUANG, Mei WEN, Chun-yuan ZHANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 5,   Pages 667-679 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500389

Abstract: Recently correlation filter based trackers have attracted considerable attention for their high computational efficiency. However, they cannot handle occlusion and scale variation well enough. This paper aims at preventing the tracker from failure in these two situations by integrating the depth information into a correlation filter based tracker. By using RGB-D data, we construct a depth context model to reveal the spatial correlation between the target and its surrounding regions. Furthermore, we adopt a region growing method to make our tracker robust to occlusion and scale variation. Additional optimizations such as a model updating scheme are applied to improve the performance for longer video sequences. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations on challenging benchmark image sequences demonstrate that the proposed tracker performs favourably against state-of-the-art algorithms.

Keywords： Visual tracking     Depth context model     Correlation filter     Region growing    

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Development of solid base catalyst X/Y/MgO/-AlO for optimization of preparation of biodiesel from L.seed oil

., XUE Wei, TAO Shuwei, JIA Zhaohui, LIU Da, GAO Liang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 468-472 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0074-4

Abstract: The preparation and regeneration conditions of the identified catalyst X/Y/MgO/-AlO with high catalytic activity were studied and optimized. The biodiesel was prepared by transesterification of seed oil produced in Guizhou with methanol at its reflux temoerature in the presence of X/Y/MgO/-AlO The pilot plant tests were carried out in a 100 L reaction vessel. Both average yield and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) content reached more than 96.50% under the optimum reaction conditions of the pilot plant tests designed with an oil/methanol molar ratio of 1 : 10, catalyst concentration of 1.00%, and reaction time of 3 h at reflux temperature. In addition, analysis shows that the quality of biodiesel meets the standard EN 14214.

Keywords： temperature     presence     addition     catalytic activity     catalyst X/Y/MgO/-AlO    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Biological features of intrahepatic CD4+CD25+ T cells in the naturally tolerance of rat liver transplantation

LU Ling, ZHANG Feng, PU Liyong, YAO Aihua, YU Yue, SUN Beicheng, LI Guoqiang, WANG Xuehao

Journal Article

Understanding building-occupant-microbiome interactions toward healthy built environments: A review

Shuai Li, Zhiyao Yang, Da Hu, Liu Cao, Qiang He

Journal Article

Engineering Informatics: State of the Art and Future Trends

Li-da Xu

Journal Article

An Internet-of-Things Initiative for One Belt One Road (OBOR)

Li Da Xu

Journal Article

Assessment of postcombustion carbon capture technologies for power generation

Diniz da COSTA,

Journal Article

Real option-based optimization for financial incentive allocation in infrastructure projects under public–private partnerships

Shuai LI, Da HU, Jiannan CAI, Hubo CAI

Journal Article

Grazing incidence polarized light imaging of footwear prints

Xin-yi Bi, Rui-fang Han, Ran Liao, Wu-sheng Feng, Da Li, Xue-jie Zhang, Hui Ma,liao.ran@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn

Journal Article

Guidelines for navigation-assisted spine surgery

Wei Tian, Bo Liu, Da He, Yajun Liu, Xiaoguang Han, Jingwei Zhao, Mingxing International Society for Computer

Journal Article

Computational fluid dynamics applied to high temperature hydrogen separation membranes

DINIZ da COSTA

Journal Article

Calculated journal bearing lubrication of non-Newtonian medium with surface roughness effects

CHEN Hao-sheng, CHEN Da-rong, WANG Jia-dao, LI Yong-jian

Journal Article

Decontamination of mobile phones and electronic devices for health care professionals using a chlorhexidine/carbomer 940® gel

Rafael Muniz de Oliveira, Nereida Mello da Rosa Gioppo, Jancineide Oliveira de Carvalho, Francilio Carvalho

Journal Article

Theoretical analysis of novel weak current sensor using FeCuNbSiB single nanocrystalline toroidal core and double-winding

BAO Bing-hao, ZHU Da-qi, DING Jian-ning, LI Chang-sheng

Journal Article

Improving performance portability for GPU-specific OpenCL kernels onmulti-core/many-coreCPUs by analysis-based transformations

Mei WEN,Da-fei HUANG,Chang-qing XUN,Dong CHEN

Journal Article

Exploiting a depth contextmodel in visual tracking with correlation filter

Zhao-yun CHEN, Lei LUO, Da-fei HUANG, Mei WEN, Chun-yuan ZHANG

Journal Article

Development of solid base catalyst X/Y/MgO/-AlO for optimization of preparation of biodiesel from L.seed oil

., XUE Wei, TAO Shuwei, JIA Zhaohui, LIU Da, GAO Liang

Journal Article