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spp., foodborne pathogens threatening neonates and infants

Qiming CHEN, Yang ZHU, Zhen QIN, Yongjun QIU, Liming ZHAO

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 330-339 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018208

Abstract:

Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) are special foodborne pathogens. Cronobacter infection can cause necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis and meningitis in all age groups, especially neonates and infants, with a high fatality of up to 80%, although the infection is rare. Outbreaks of Cronobacter infection are epidemiologically proven to be associated with contaminated powdered infant formula (PIF). Cronobacter spp. can resist dry environments and survive for a long period in food with low water activity. Therefore, Cronobacter spp. have become serious pathogens of neonates and infants, as well as in the dairy industry. In this review, we present the taxonomy, pathogenesis, resistance, detection and control of Cronobacter spp.

Keywords： desiccation resistance     pathogen control     pathogen detection     powdered infant formula    

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Systems understanding of plant–pathogen interactions through genome-wide protein–protein interaction

Hong LI,Ziding ZHANG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 3, Issue 2,   Pages 102-112 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016100

Abstract: Plants are frequently affected by pathogen infections.(e.g., genomics, proteomics and transcriptomics) has provided a great opportunity to explore plant–pathogenThen, we focus on reviewing the progress in genome-wide PPI networks related to plant–pathogen interactions, including pathogen-centric PPI networks, plant-centric PPI networks and interspecies PPI networks betweenWe anticipate genome-wide PPI network analysis will provide a clearer understanding of plant–pathogen

Keywords： plant–pathogen interactions     systems biology     omics     plant immunity     protein–protein interaction     network    

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Locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT) for water disinfection

Jianfeng Zhou, Ting Wang, Cecilia Yu, Xing Xie

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 5, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1253-x

Abstract: • Nanowire-assisted LEEFT is applied for water disinfection with low voltages. • LEEFT inactivates bacteria by disrupting cell membrane through electroporation. • Multiple electrodes and device configurations have been developed for LEEFT. • The LEEFT is low-cost, highly efficient, and produces no DBPs. • The LEEFT can potentially be applicable for water disinfection at all scales. Water disinfection is a critical step in water and wastewater treatment. The most widely used chlorination suffers from the formation of carcinogenic disinfection by-products (DBPs) while alternative methods (e.g., UV, O3, and membrane filtration) are limited by microbial regrowth, no residual disinfectant, and high operation cost. Here, a nanowire-enabled disinfection method, locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT), is introduced with advantages of no chemical addition, no DBP formation, low energy consumption, and efficient microbial inactivation. Attributed to the lightning rod effect, the electric field near the tip area of the nanowires on the electrode is significantly enhanced to inactivate microbes, even though a small external voltage (usually<5 V) is applied. In this review, after emphasizing the significance of water disinfection, the theory of the LEEFT is explained. Subsequently, the recent development of the LEEFT technology on electrode materials and device configurations are summarized. The disinfection performance is analyzed, with respect to the operating parameters, universality against different microorganisms, electrode durability, and energy consumption. The studies on the inactivation mechanisms during the LEEFT are also reviewed. Lastly, the challenges and future research of LEEFT disinfection are discussed.

Keywords： Water treatment     Nanotechnology     Pathogen inactivation     Electroporation     Nanowire     Chemical-free    

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PathogenTrack and Yeskit: tools for identifying intracellular pathogens from single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets as illustrated by application to COVID-19

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2,   Pages 251-262 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0915-9

Abstract: In addition, we established an R package named Yeskit to import, integrate, analyze, and interpret pathogen

Keywords： scRNA-seq     intracellular pathogen     microbe     COVID-19     SARS-CoV-2    

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Clinical manifestations and pathogen characteristics in children admitted for suspected COVID-19

Xiaofang Cai, Hanlan Jiang, Simin Zhang, Shengying Xia, Wenhui Du, Yaoling Ma, Tao Yu, Wenbin Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 6,   Pages 776-785 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0820-7

Abstract: Notably, no pathogen was detected in 43 (44.3%) patients.The most frequently detected pathogen was (29, 29.9%). One patient with confirmed COVID 19 died.

Keywords： coronavirus disease 2019     pediatrics     emergency     retrospective investigation     severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2    

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Composition, dispersion, and health risks of bioaerosols in wastewater treatment plants: A review

Yunping Han, Lin Li, Ying Wang, Jiawei Ma, Pengyu Li, Chao Han, Junxin Liu

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1330-1

Abstract: Abstract • Bioaerosols are produced in the process of wastewater biological treatment. • The concentration of bioaerosol indoor is higher than outdoor. • Bioaerosols contain large amounts of potentially pathogenic biomass and chemicals. • Inhalation is the main route of exposure of bioaerosol. • Both the workers and the surrounding residents will be affected by the bioaerosol. Bioaerosols are defined as airborne particles (0.05–100 mm in size) of biological origin. They are considered potentially harmful to human health as they can contain pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This review summarizes the most recent research on the health risks of bioaerosols emitted from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in order to improve the control of such bioaerosols. The concentration and size distribution of WWTP bioaerosols; their major emission sources, composition, and health risks; and considerations for future research are discussed. The major themes and findings in the literature are as follows: the major emission sources of WWTP bioaerosols include screen rooms, sludge-dewatering rooms, and aeration tanks; the bioaerosol concentrations in screen and sludge-dewatering rooms are higher than those outdoors. WWTP bioaerosols contain a variety of potentially pathogenic bacteria, fungi, antibiotic resistance genes, viruses, endotoxins, and toxic metal(loid)s. These potentially pathogenic substances spread with the bioaerosols, thereby posing health risks to workers and residents in and around the WWTP. Inhalation has been identified as the main exposure route, and children are at a higher risk of this than adults. Future studies should identify emerging contaminants, establish health risk assessments, and develop prevention and control systems.

Keywords： Wastewater treatment plant     Bioaerosols     Pathogen     Dispersion     Risk assessment    

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Pathogen evolution, prevention/control strategy and clinical features of COVID-19: experiences from China

Frontiers of Medicine doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1043-5

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported at the end of 2019 as a worldwide health concern causing a pandemic of unusual viral pneumonia and many other organ damages, which was defined by the World Health Organization as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemic is considered a significant threat to global public health till now. In this review, we have summarized the lessons learnt during the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2, including its prototype and variants. The overall clinical features of variants of concern (VOC), heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations, radiology and pathology of COVID-19 patients are also discussed, along with advances in therapeutic agents.

Keywords： coronavirus disease 2019     SARS-CoV-2     epidemiology     clinical features    

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Effect of the ultraviolet/chlorine process on microbial community structure, typical pathogens, and antibiotic resistance genes in reclaimed water

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 8, doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1521-z

Abstract:

• UV/chlorine can effectively remove VBNC pathogens, ARGs and MGEs in reclaimed water.

Keywords： UV/chlorine process     Pathogen     Antibiotic resistance genes     High-throughput qPCR     Reclaimed water    

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Progress on the Detection Technology of Bacterial Pathogens in Marine Aquaculture

Xiao Jingfan,Wang Yue,Zhang Yuanxing,Lei Jilin

Strategic Study of CAE 2014, Volume 16, Issue 9,   Pages 10-15

Abstract:

With the rapid developments in marine aquaculture, the bacterial pathogen

Keywords： Marine aquaculture     bacterial pathogen     detection technology    

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The preparation and application of inactivated vaccine and its antiserum from eight common pathogens of Flatfish.

Gan Lingling,Wang Weifang,Gao Chunren,Lei Jilin

Strategic Study of CAE 2014, Volume 16, Issue 9,   Pages 21-25

Abstract:

In this study, formal dehyde was used to inactivate Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas caviae, Edwardsiella ictaluri, Aeromonas hydrophila, in order to preparethe inactivated vaccine. Then vaccine was used to immune turbot by intramuscular injection. In this way ,we got the antiserum of all bacterium above. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the content of antibody in serum. The antibody can be detect after four week in the immune, and the level of antibody is research highest in the tenth week which is inoculated inactivated vaccine of Edwardsiella tarda, and the highest titer of other vaccines are 1:102400, 1:6400, 1:6400, 1:12800, 1:12800, 1:6400, 1:6400, 1:12800. The results of cross reaction of the bacteria and their anti-serum shows that the effect is most intense when the bacteria react with its own antiserum, and it is very weak when the bacteria react with other antiserum.

Keywords： Flatfish     Vaccine     Antiserum     pathogen    

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New insights in the battle between wheat and

Chunlei TANG,Xiaojie WANG,Yulin CHENG,Minjie LIU,Mengxin ZHAO,Jinping WEI,Zhensheng KANG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 101-114 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015068

Abstract: Wheat stripe rust caused by f. sp. ( ) poses a great threat to wheat production worldwide. The rapid change in virulence of leads to a loss of resistance in currently resistant wheat cultivars, which results in frequent disease epidemics. Therefore, a major focus is currently placed on investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying this rapid variation of pathogenicity and coevolving wheat resistance. Limited by the lack of a system for stable transformation of and the difficulties in wheat transformation, it is not easy to generate deeper insights into the wheat- interaction using established genetic methods. Nevertheless, considerable effort has been made to unravel the wheat- interaction and significant progress is being made. Histology and cytology have revealed basic details of infection strategies and defense responses during wheat- interactions, identified cellular components involved in wheat- interactions, and have helped to elucidate their role in the infection process or in plant defense responses. Transcriptome and genome sequencing has revealed the molecular features and dynamics of the wheat- pathosystem. Extensive molecular analyses have led to the identification of major components in the wheat resistance response and in virulence. Studies of wheat- interactions have now entered a new phase in which cellular and molecular approaches are being used. This review focuses on the cellular biology of wheat- interactions and integrates the emerging data from molecular analyses with the histocytological observations.

Keywords： tritici     host defense     pathogen virulence     biotrophic fungus    

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Rapid Detection of Wheat Blast Pathogen Magnaporthe Oryzae Triticum Pathotype Using Genome-Specific Article

Houxiang Kang, Ye Peng, Kangyu Hua, Yufei Deng, Maria Bellizzi, Dipali Rani Gupta, Nur Uddin Mahmud, Alfredo S. Urashima, Sanjoy Kumar Paul, Gary Peterson, Yilin Zhou, Xueping Zhou, Md Tofazzal Islam, Guo-Liang Wang

Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 9,   Pages 1326-1335 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.016

Abstract:

Wheat blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum (MoT) pathotype, is a devastating disease persistent in South America and Bangladesh. Since MoT generally fails to cause visual symptoms in wheat until the heading stage when the infection would have advanced, disease control by fungicide application solely based on the detection of visual symptoms is ineffective. To develop an accurate and sensitive method to detect MoT at the seedling and vegetative stages for disease control, we sequenced the genomes of two MoT isolates from Brazil and identified two DNA fragments, MoT-6098 and MoT-6099, that are present in the MoT genome but not in the genome of the rice-infecting M. oryzae Oryzae (MoO) pathotype. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we confirmed the specificity of the two markers in 53 MoT and MoO isolates from South America and Bangladesh. To test the efficiency of the two markers, we first established a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method to detect MoT at isothermal conditions, without the use of a PCR machine. Following this, we used the Cas12a protein and guide RNAs (gRNAs) to target the MoT-6098 and MoT-6099 sequences. The activated Cas12a showed indiscriminate single-stranded DNase (ssDNAase) activity. We then combined target-dependent Cas12a ssDNase activation with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) to develop a method that accurately, sensitively, and cost-effectively detects MoT-specific DNA sequences in infected wheat plants. This novel technique can be easily adapted for the rapid detection of wheat blast and other important plant diseases in the field.

Keywords： Wheat blast     Magnaporthe oryzae     Triticum Cas12a     Nucleic acid rapid lateral flow immunoassay     Field detection    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

spp., foodborne pathogens threatening neonates and infants

Qiming CHEN, Yang ZHU, Zhen QIN, Yongjun QIU, Liming ZHAO

Journal Article

Systems understanding of plant–pathogen interactions through genome-wide protein–protein interaction

Hong LI,Ziding ZHANG

Journal Article

Locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT) for water disinfection

Jianfeng Zhou, Ting Wang, Cecilia Yu, Xing Xie

Journal Article

PathogenTrack and Yeskit: tools for identifying intracellular pathogens from single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets as illustrated by application to COVID-19

Journal Article

Clinical manifestations and pathogen characteristics in children admitted for suspected COVID-19

Xiaofang Cai, Hanlan Jiang, Simin Zhang, Shengying Xia, Wenhui Du, Yaoling Ma, Tao Yu, Wenbin Li

Journal Article

Composition, dispersion, and health risks of bioaerosols in wastewater treatment plants: A review

Yunping Han, Lin Li, Ying Wang, Jiawei Ma, Pengyu Li, Chao Han, Junxin Liu

Journal Article

Pathogen evolution, prevention/control strategy and clinical features of COVID-19: experiences from China

Journal Article

Effect of the ultraviolet/chlorine process on microbial community structure, typical pathogens, and antibiotic resistance genes in reclaimed water

Journal Article

Progress on the Detection Technology of Bacterial Pathogens in Marine Aquaculture

Xiao Jingfan,Wang Yue,Zhang Yuanxing,Lei Jilin

Journal Article

The preparation and application of inactivated vaccine and its antiserum from eight common pathogens of Flatfish.

Gan Lingling,Wang Weifang,Gao Chunren,Lei Jilin

Journal Article

New insights in the battle between wheat and

Chunlei TANG,Xiaojie WANG,Yulin CHENG,Minjie LIU,Mengxin ZHAO,Jinping WEI,Zhensheng KANG

Journal Article

Rapid Detection of Wheat Blast Pathogen Magnaporthe Oryzae Triticum Pathotype Using Genome-Specific

Houxiang Kang, Ye Peng, Kangyu Hua, Yufei Deng, Maria Bellizzi, Dipali Rani Gupta, Nur Uddin Mahmud, Alfredo S. Urashima, Sanjoy Kumar Paul, Gary Peterson, Yilin Zhou, Xueping Zhou, Md Tofazzal Islam, Guo-Liang Wang

Journal Article