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Effect of environment change on the strength of cement/lime treated clays

Takenori HINO, Rui JIA, Seiji SUEYOSHI, Tri HARIANTO

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 153-165 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0153-y

Abstract: The field strengths of cement/lime treated clays were investigated in the Ariake Sea costal lowlands. The deposition environment of the investigation location is reconstructed and compared to the present ground environment. The mechanism of the ground environment change and its effect on the strength of cement/lime treated soil are discussed. The strength development of improved soil using cement and lime in different curing environments was investigated in the laboratory for studying the effect of environment change on the strength also. It has been found that the strength deterioration of improved soil in deep mixing method is due to 1) the ground environment change due to the secondary oxidation which results in low pH value and high organic content, and 2) the formations of the porous structures result from the elution of the calcium ions. Also, it has been found that the initial strength increase of the improved soil is related to the dissolved silica and that the dissolution of the silica in clay minerals needs long time. When examining the long-term strength for preventing strength degradation, the effect of environmental change has to be considered. The importance of measuring pH and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the ground for cement/lime solidification method is explained.

Keywords： soil solidification     ground environment     strength deterioration     pH     oxidation-reduction potential (ORP)     silica    

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The Near β Forging Overthrows the Conventional Forging Theory and Develops a New Tri-modal Microstructure

Zhou Yigang,Zeng Weidong,Yu Hanqing

Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 5,   Pages 61-66

Abstract:

The near beta forging for titanium alloys proposed by the authors has overthrown the conventional forging theory in the following two aspects: firstly, the material is heated and forged at 10〜15℃ below beta transus temperature and then water cooled; secondly, the heat treatment technology after forging consists of a high-temperature toughening treatment and a low-temperature strengthening treatment instead of the conventional aging treatment. Because of ingenious combination of phase transformation, defomation and strengthening and toughening theory, materials forged by the near beta forging do not produce an equiaxed microstructure or a basketweave microstructure as usually found in conventionally forged titanium alloy, but do produce a new trimodal microstructure, which consists of about 20% equiaxed alpha, 50%～60% basketweave formed by striature alpha and transformed beta matrix. The trimodal microstructure not only develops a new type of microstructure in addition to the existing four titanium alloy microstructures (i.e. equiaxed, bi-modal, basketweave and lamella), but also has the advantages that both the equiaxed microstructure and the basketweave microstructure have, so it shows excellent mechanical properties. It shows an increased high-temperature property, a high low-cycle fatigue property and a high fracture toughness without decreasing ductility and thermal stability. Moreover, it can raise the service temperature from 500℃ to 550℃ . The near beta forging is applicable not only to alpha-beta alloy, but also to alpha, near alpha and near beta titanium alloys. This method has been used to forge several engine compressor disks and some important structure components of missils and airplanes

Keywords： titanium alloy     near beta forging     tri-modal microstructure    

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A method of determining flame radiation fraction induced by interaction burning of tri-symmetric propane

Jie JI, Junrui DUAN, Huaxian WAN

Frontiers in Energy 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6,   Pages 1017-1026 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0716-x

Abstract: The interaction of multiple fires may lead to a higher flame height and more intense radiation flux than a single fire, which increases the possibility of flame spread and risks to the surroundings. Experiments were conducted using three burners with identical heat release rates (HRRs) and propane as the fuel at various spacings. The results show that flames change from non-merging to merging as the spacing decreases, which result in a complex evolution of flame height and merging point height. To facilitate the analysis, a novel merging criterion based on the dimensionless spacing / was proposed. For non-merging flames ( / >0.368), the flame height is almost identical to a single fire; for merging flames ( / ≤0.368), based on the relationship between thermal buoyancy and thrust (the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the flame), a quantitative analysis of the flame height, merging point height, and air entrainment was formed, and the calculated merging flame heights show a good agreement with the measured experimental values. Moreover, the multi-point source model was further improved, and radiation fraction of propane was calculated. The data obtained in this study would play an important role in calculating the external radiation of propane fire.

Keywords： flame interaction     air entrainment     flame height     multi-point source model     thermal radiation    

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Tuning of the active phase structure and hydrofining performance of alumina-supported tri-metallic WMoNi

Shufeng Shan, Haiyan Liu, Gang Shi, Xiaojun Bao

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1,   Pages 59-69 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1686-3

Abstract: The effects of phosphorus on the structure and hydrofining performance of tri-metallic WMoNi/Al O catalystsIn contrast, when phosphorus was incorporated into a tri-metallic WMoNiP/Al O catalyst prepared by aof the active phase to enhance the hydrogenation and hydrodenitrogenation activity of the resulting tri-metallic

Keywords： fluid catalytic cracking diesel     hydrofining performance     WMoNiP/Al2O3     synergetic effect and structure of NiWMoS phases    

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Function and principle innovative design of mechanical products based on TRIZ/FA

YUAN Feng, WANG Tai-yong, NIE Hui-juan

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2006, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 350-355 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0031-1

Abstract: of mechanical products, a new process model of function and principle solving is proposed, based on TRI

Keywords： TRI     principle solving     product     principle innovation     ultimate innovation    

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Diversity Glass Antennas for Tri-Band WiFi Applications Article

Peng Fei Hu, Kwok Wa Leung, Kwai Man Luk, Yong Mei Pan, Shao Yong Zheng

Engineering 2023, Volume 23, Issue 4,   Pages 157-169 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.09.011

Abstract: polarization- and pattern-diversity glass dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs), both of which are for tri-band

Keywords： WiFi Diversity antennas Multi-frequency     Glass     Dielectric resonator antennas     Multiple-input multiple-output    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Effect of environment change on the strength of cement/lime treated clays

Takenori HINO, Rui JIA, Seiji SUEYOSHI, Tri HARIANTO

Journal Article

The Near β Forging Overthrows the Conventional Forging Theory and Develops a New Tri-modal Microstructure

Zhou Yigang,Zeng Weidong,Yu Hanqing

Journal Article

A method of determining flame radiation fraction induced by interaction burning of tri-symmetric propane

Jie JI, Junrui DUAN, Huaxian WAN

Journal Article

Tuning of the active phase structure and hydrofining performance of alumina-supported tri-metallic WMoNi

Shufeng Shan, Haiyan Liu, Gang Shi, Xiaojun Bao

Journal Article

Function and principle innovative design of mechanical products based on TRIZ/FA

YUAN Feng, WANG Tai-yong, NIE Hui-juan

Journal Article

Ding Han: Future of Robotics: The Tri-Co(coexisting-Cooperative Cognitive）Robots（2019-9-18）

12 Dec 2021

Conference Videos

Diversity Glass Antennas for Tri-Band WiFi Applications

Peng Fei Hu, Kwok Wa Leung, Kwai Man Luk, Yong Mei Pan, Shao Yong Zheng

Journal Article