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Semantic Consistency and Correctness Verification of Digital Traffic Rules

Lei Wan,Changjun Wang,Daxin Luo,Hang Liu,Sha Ma,Weichao Hu,

Engineering doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.04.016

Abstract: The consensus of the automotive industry and traffic management authorities is that autonomous vehicles must follow the same traffic laws as human drivers. Using formal or digital methods, natural language traffic rules can be translated into machine language and used by autonomous vehicles. In this paper, a translation flow is designed. Beyond the translation, a deeper examination is required, because the semantics of natural languages are rich and complex, and frequently contain hidden assumptions. The issue of how to ensure that digital rules are accurate and consistent with the original intent of the traffic rules they represent is both significant and unresolved. In response, we propose a method of formal verification that combines equivalence verification with model checking. Reasonable and reassuring digital traffic rules can be obtained by utilizing the proposed traffic rule digitization flow and verification method. In addition, we offer a number of simulation applications that employ digital traffic rules to assess vehicle violations. The experimental findings indicate that our digital rules utilizing metric temporal logic (MTL) can be easily incorporated into simulation platforms and autonomous driving systems (ADS).

Keywords： Autonomous driving Traffic rules Digitization Formalization Verification

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On the principles of Parsimony and Self-consistency for the emergence of intelligence Position Paper

Yi MA, Doris TSAO, Heung-Yeung SHUM

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 9, Pages 1298-1323 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200297

Abstract: Ten years into the revival of and artificial , we propose a theoretical framework that sheds light on understanding within a bigger picture of in general. We introduce two fundamental principles, and , which address two fundamental questions regarding : what to learn and how to learn, respectively. We believe the two principles serve as the cornerstone for the emergence of , artificial or natural. While they have rich classical roots, we argue that they can be stated anew in entirely measurable and computable ways. More specifically, the two principles lead to an effective and efficient computational framework, compressive , which unifies and explains the evolution of modern and most practices of artificial . While we use mainly visual data modeling as an example, we believe the two principles will unify understanding of broad families of autonomous intelligent systems and provide a framework for understanding the brain.

Keywords： Intelligence Parsimony Self-consistency Rate reduction Deep networks Closed-loop transcription

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Consistency Guarantees for Professional Appraisal of Geotechnical Engineering Design under Market Leading

Jian-ye Zheng

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2015, Volume 2, Issue 1, Pages 82-85 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015012

Abstract: excavation, an outside expert as an assessor, might master the art of review to pay attention to guarantee consistency

Keywords： peer review foundation pit excavation retaining and protection structure design introduction

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Technology and system of constraint programming for industry production scheduling

Yarong CHEN, Zailin GUAN, Yunfang PENG, Xinyu SHAO, Muhammad HASSEB

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2010, Volume 5, Issue 4, Pages 455-464 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0106-x

Abstract: We trend of some concrete technology, such as modeling, search, constraint propagation, consistency,

Keywords： constraint programming production scheduling constraint propagation search consistency optimization

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Consistency of MGEX Orbit and Clock Products Article

Peter Steigenberger, Oliver Montenbruck

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 8, Pages 898-903 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.12.005

Abstract: Due to improved solar radiation pressure modeling and other more sophisticated models, the consistencyThe current orbit consistency between different analysis centers is on the level of a few centimetersThe clock consistency is about 2 cm for GPS, 5 cm for GLONASS and Galileo, and 10 cm for BeiDou-2.

Keywords： Global navigation satellite system International GNSS Service Multi-GNSS Pilot Project Precise orbit determination Satellite clock parameters

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A multiscale-contour-based interpolation framework for generating a time-varying quasi-dense point cloud sequence

Chu-hua HUANG,Dong-ming LU,Chang-yu DIAO

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016, Volume 17, Issue 5, Pages 422-434 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500316

Abstract: Our framework takes full advantage of spatio-temporal-contour consistency.

Keywords： Free-viewpoint video Point-pair Multiscale-contour-based interpolation Spatio-temporal-contour Consistency

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Big data storage technologies: a survey Review

Aisha SIDDIQA, Ahmad KARIM, Abdullah GANI

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 8, Pages 1040-1070 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500441

Abstract: There is a great thrust in industry toward the development of more feasible and viable tools for storing fast-growing volume, velocity, and diversity of data, termed ‘big data’. The structural shift of the storage mechanism from traditional data management systems to NoSQL technology is due to the intention of fulfilling big data storage requirements. However, the available big data storage technologies are inefficient to provide consistent, scalable, and available solutions for continuously growing heterogeneous data. Storage is the preliminary process of big data analytics for real-world applications such as scientific experiments, healthcare, social networks, and e-business. So far, Amazon, Google, and Apache are some of the industry standards in providing big data storage solutions, yet the literature does not report an in-depth survey of storage technologies available for big data, investigating the performance and magnitude gains of these technologies. The primary objective of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive investigation of state-of-the-art storage technologies available for big data. A well-defined taxonomy of big data storage technologies is presented to assist data analysts and researchers in understanding and selecting a storage mechanism that better fits their needs. To evaluate the performance of different storage architectures, we compare and analyze the existing approaches using Brewer’s CAP theorem. The significance and applications of storage technologies and support to other categories are discussed. Several future research challenges are highlighted with the intention to expedite the deployment of a reliable and scalable storage system.

Keywords： Big data Big data storage NoSQL databases Distributed databases CAP theorem Scalability Consistency

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Artificial Bear Bile: A Novel Approach to Balancing Medical Requirements and Animal Welfare

Yong Li,Yuhong Huang,Nan Feng,Heping Zhang,Jing Qu,Shuanggang Ma,Yunbao Liu,Jiang Li,Shaofeng Xu,Ling Wang,Mi Zhang,Jie Cai,Weiping Wang,Ru Feng,Hang Yu,Bo Yu,Dailiang Liang,Heping Qin,Suxiang Luo,Yanfen Li,

Engineering doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.09.017

Abstract: Bear bile has been a valuable and effective medicinal material in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for over 13 centuries. However, the current practice of obtaining it through bear farming is under scrutiny for its adverse impact on bear welfare. Here, we present a new approach for creating artificial bear bile (ABB) as a high-quality and sustainable alternative to natural bear bile. This study addresses the scientific challenges of creating bear bile alternatives through interdisciplinary collaborations across various fields, including resources, chemistry, biology, medicine, pharmacology, and TCM. A comprehensive efficacy assessment system that bridges the gap between TCM and modern medical terminology has been established, allowing for the systematic screening of therapeutic constituents. Through the utilization of chemical synthesis and enzyme engineering technologies, our research has achieved the environmentally friendly, large-scale production of bear bile therapeutic compounds, as well as the optimization and recomposition of ABB formulations. The resulting ABB not only closely resembles natural bear bile in its composition but also offers advantages such as consistent product quality, availability of raw materials, and independence from threatened or wild resources. Comprehensive preclinical efficacy evaluations have demonstrated the equivalence of the therapeutic effects from ABB and those from commercially available drained bear bile (DBB). Furthermore, preclinical toxicological assessment and phase Ⅰ clinical trials show that the safety of ABB is on par with that of the currently used DBB. This innovative strategy can serve as a new research paradigm for developing alternatives for other endangered TCMs, thereby strengthening the integrity and sustainability of TCM.

Keywords： Artificial bear bile Chemical profile Formula optimization Pharmacodynamic consistency Preclinical toxicological

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Study on Data Locality and Its Optimization Technologies in Multiprocessor Systems

Yang Xuejun,Dai Huadong,Xia Jun

Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 5, Pages 44-52

Abstract: In addition, in-depth investigation on memory consistency model ,which raised as a key problem in exploitinglocality optimization, was also stressed and a new model centered on operating system——thread consistency

Keywords： multiprocessorsystem data locality locality measurement model data transformation framework page migration thread consistency

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& Research Article

Yaofeng TU, Rong XIAO, Yinjun HAN, Zhenghua CHEN, Hao JIN, Xuecheng QI, Xinyuan SUN,tu.yaofeng@zte.com.cn,xiao.rong1@zte.com.cn,han.yinjun@zte.com.cn,chen.zhenghua@zte.com.cn,jin.hao1@zte.com.cn,qi.xuecheng@zte.com.cn,sun.xinyuan@zte.com.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 5, Pages 716-730 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200466

Abstract: In s, replication and (EC) are common methods for data redundancy. Compared with replication, EC has better storage efficiency, but suffers higher overhead in update. Moreover, and reliability problems caused by s bring new challenges to applications of EC. Many works focus on optimizing the EC solution, including algorithm optimization, novel data update method, and so on, but lack the solutions for and reliability problems. In this paper, we introduce a storage system that decouples data updating and EC encoding, namely, decoupled data updating and coding (DDUC), and propose a data placement policy that combines replication and parity blocks. For the () EC system, the data are placed as groups of +1 replicas, and redundant data blocks of the same stripe are placed in the parity nodes, so that the parity nodes can autonomously perform local EC encoding. Based on the above policy, a two-phase data update method is implemented in which data are updated in replica mode in phase 1, and the EC encoding is done independently by parity nodes in phase 2. This solves the problem of data reliability degradation caused by s while ensuring high concurrency performance. It also uses persistent memory (PMem) hardware features of the byte addressing and eight-byte atomic write to implement a lightweight logging mechanism that improves performance while ensuring data . Experimental results show that the concurrent access performance of the proposed storage system is 1.70–3.73 times that of the state-of-the-art storage system Ceph, and the latency is only 3.4%–5.9% that of Ceph.

Keywords： Concurrent update High reliability Erasure code Consistency Distributed storage system