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Russian school of the theory and geometry of gearing: Its origin and golden period (1935 --1975)

Dmitry BABICHEV,Sergey LAGUTIN,Natalya BARMINA

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016, Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages 44-59 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0360-z

Abstract:

During the second half of the twentieth century, Soviet scientists were among the world leaders in the theory and geometry of gearing or the theoretical fundamentals of designing gears and gear-cutting tools. The authors of the current paper review works related to the development of the theory of gearing (TG) written in Russian from the mid-1930s to the present. Overall, the review covers more than 400 publications of nearly 200 authors (among more than 1000 studied works). This review involves some works on gear strength and accuracy to attract more experts.

This paper presents a short list of works from the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century and discusses the basic concepts of the TG. This paper also includes a review of more than 160 papers in Russian for the period of 1935–1975, which is the “golden age” of the TG. The main features and achievements during this period are also considered.

The distinctive feature of this review is the use of diagrams that visually present TG experts and the dates and themes of their published works. The diagrams also show the following aspects: 1) The most popular and important themes in a specific period, 2) the most important publications on the themes of interest to readers, and 3) the direction of the works and scope of interests of every researcher.

Keywords： theory of gearing (TG) gear geometry generating surface gear synthesis gear analysis

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New Perspectives of Seismic Safety Evaluation in Urban Planning：The Discovery of “Macroseism Generating

Li Ping,Yang Mei´e,Zhao Dongzhi

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages 1-6

Abstract: active faults in a time scale as long as tens or hundreds of years, so we call them the macroseism generatingThe macroseism generating fault is not merely a line but has a certain width from several meters to tensThe discovery of macroseism generating fault enables us to deal with the three factors, i.e. the timequot; in urban planning, correction and amendment are necessary as for whether or not the macroseism generating

Keywords： urban planning active fault macroseism generating fault seismic amplifying effect of macroseism generating

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Antioxidative potential of metformin: Possible protective mechanism against generating OH radicals

Huibin Guo, Ning Wang, Xiang Li

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1313-2

Abstract: Abstract • Metformin consumes O2−• and OH• induced by PM are proposed. • OH• dominated the oxidation of metformin compared with O2−• • Metformin can prevent the harm of ROS induced by PM to human health. • Antioxidative potential of metformin was first proposed to provide measures. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) can lead to the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes oxidative stress and endangers human health. In this study, the effects of metformin on PM-induced radicals were investigated, and the antioxidation reaction mechanism of metformin was analyzed by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The corresponding results revealed that the consumption rate of dithiothreitol (DTT) increased as the metformin concentration (0–40 mmol/L) increased under exposure to PM active components. Moreover, the OH radical content decreased as the metformin concentration increased. This result may be related to the consumption of PM-induced OH radicals by metformin, which promotes the DTT consumption rate. Additionally, because the initiation reaction has a high barrier, the oxidation reaction rate between metformin and •O2− is not very fast, although various catalysts may be present in the human environment. Importantly, we found that the barrier of metformin induced by OH radicals is only 9.6 kcal/mol while the barrier of metformin induced by oxygen is 57.9 kcal/mol, which shows that the rate of the •OH-initiated oxidative reaction of metformin is much faster and that this reaction path occurs more easily. By sample analysis, the mean OH radical generation was 55 nmol/min/g (ranging from 5 to 105 nmol/min/g) on haze days and 30 nmol/min/g (ranging from 10 to 50 nmol/min/g) on non-haze days. Moreover, OH radical generation was higher on haze days than on neighboring non-haze days. Taken together, all data suggest that metformin could consume the PM-induced radicals, such as OH radicals and •O2−, thereby providing health protection.

Keywords： Antioxidative potential Metformin Mechanism OH radical Health protection.

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A novel method for generating distillation configurations

Hongzhe Hou, Yiqing Luo

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 5, Pages 834-846 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1855-7

Abstract: An improved matrix method for generating distillation configurations with ( −1) and less than ( −1) columns

Keywords： non-sharp separation multicomponent distillation distillation configurations

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A brief review of genome editing technology for generating animal models

Haoyi WANG, Sen WU, Mario R. CAPECCHI, Rudolf JAENISCH

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 123-128 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019309

Abstract: technologies has given researchers unprecedented power to alter DNA sequences at chosen genomic loci, thereby generating

Keywords： animal model CRISPR genome editing TALEN ZFN

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Impact of wind power generating system integration on frequency stabilization in multi-area power system

Y. K. BHATESHVAR,H. D. MATHUR,H. SIGUERDIDJANE

Frontiers in Energy 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 7-21 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0338-2

Abstract: The major constraint of wind power generating system (WPGS) is that it does not provide inertial support

Keywords： two area power system automatic generation control wind power generating system (WPGS) deregulated environment

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The Generating Lock P<G，X，X'>and Its Central Encrypting System

Shi Kaiquan,Chen Zexiong

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 2, Pages 41-46

Abstract:

The conception of the generating lock P <G ,X, X´> and the centralencrypting system composed of P<_{G ,X, X´}>with data generating technologyThese systems include the generating lock P<G ,X, X´> and single-tooth central encryptingsystem, and the generating lock P <G ,X, X´> and multi-tooth central encrypting

Keywords： the generating lock the central encrypting system multi-tooth encrypting-decrypting algorithm P X X

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A multiscale-contour-based interpolation framework for generating a time-varying quasi-dense point cloud

Chu-hua HUANG,Dong-ming LU,Chang-yu DIAO

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016, Volume 17, Issue 5, Pages 422-434 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500316

Abstract: framework formulates the interpolation of two models as point cloud transport rather than non-rigid surface

Keywords： Multi-view video Free-viewpoint video Point-pair Multiscale-contour-based interpolation Spatio-temporal-contour Consistency Time-varying point cloud sequence

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The design and practice of giant hydro turbine generating units of Three Gorges ProjectShao Jianxiong

Shao Jianxiong,Liu Jingwang,Yuan Dafu

Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 7, Pages 104-110

Abstract: Project (TGP), the main technical problems that should be considered in the design of hydro turbine generatingThe key technical researches performed are summarized and the parameters of hydro turbine generatingThe unit operation results indicate that the performance of the hydro turbine generating units is excellentTherefore, it is verified effectively that the general technical design of giant hydro turbine generating

Keywords： Three Gorges Project 700 MW hydro turbine generating unit unit capacity design and research operation

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Modeling analysis on solar steam generator employed in multi-effect distillation (MED) system

Zhaorui ZHAO, Bao YANG, Ziwen XING

Frontiers in Energy 2019, Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 193-203 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0608-0

Abstract: Recently the porous bilayer wood solar collectors have drawn increasing attention because of their potential application in solar desalination. In this paper, a thermodynamic model has been developed to analyze the performance of the wood solar collector. A modeling analysis has also been conducted to assess the performance and operating conditions of the multiple effect desalination (MED) system integrated with the porous wood solar collector. Specifically, the effects of operating parameters, such as the motive steam temperature, seawater flow rate, input solar energy and number of effects on the energy consumption for each ton of distilled water produced have been investigated in the MED desalination system combined with the bilayer wood solar steam generator. It is found that, under a given operating condition, there exists an optimum steam generation temperature of around 145°C in the wood solar collector, so that the specific power consumption in the MED system reaches a minimum value of 24.88 kWh/t. The average temperature difference is significantly affected by the solar heating capacity. With the solar capacity increasing from 50 kW to 230 kW, the average temperature difference increases from 1.88°C to 6.27°C. This parametric simulation study will help the design of efficient bilayer wood solar steam generator as well as the MED desalination system.

Keywords： solar energy steam generating multi-effect desalination

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Cell surface protein engineering for high-performance whole-cell catalysts

Hajime Nakatani,Katsutoshi Hori

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages 46-57 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1609-3

Abstract: Cell surface protein engineering facilitated by accumulation of information on genome and protein structureinvolves heterologous production and modification of cell surface proteins using genetic engineeringIn this field, cell surface display is a major technology by exposing target proteins, such as enzymes, on the cell surface using a carrier protein.The target proteins are fused to the carrier proteins that transport and tether them to the cell surface

Keywords： cell surface engineering surface display whole-cell catalysts bioprocess

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Deep-seated Rupture Zone—a New Seismotectonic Style

Li Yuanjun

Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages 12-18

Abstract: geological structure phenomenon. deep-seated rupture zones are usually situated in the pleistoseismic generatingDeep seated rupture zones are 300 m or more beneath the surface, far exceeding the depth of surface unloading

Keywords： deep-seated rupture zone pleistoseismic generating fault unloading rock dynamics

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Evaluation of the power-generation capacity of wearable thermoelectric power generator

Yang YANG, Jing LIU,

Frontiers in Energy 2010, Volume 4, Issue 3, Pages 346-357 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0112-z

Abstract: Employing thermoelectric generators (TEGs) to gather heat dissipating from the human body through the skin surface

Keywords： thermal energy harvester thermoelectric generator biological heat transfer power generating capacity

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Availability growth models and verification of power equipment

Jinyuan SHI, Jiamin XU

Frontiers in Energy 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2, Pages 529-538 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0624-0

Abstract: The general availability growth models for large scale complicated repairable system such as electric generatingAvailability growth models for electric generating units, power station auxiliaries, and transmissionverification results for operation availability data show that the maintenance coefficients for electric generating

Keywords： repairable system power equipment electric generating unit power station auxiliary transmission and distribution

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The dawn of successful prediction of major earthquakes

Li Ping and Yang Mei’e

Strategic Study of CAE 2009, Volume 11, Issue 6, Pages 19-27

Abstract: Since 1949, Chinese scientists have successfully predicted occurrence of many major earthquakes, such as the Haicheng M 7.3 event in 1975 and the Asian Game Village shock of 1990. In recent 20 years, however, some seismologists abroad have taken a disappointed and pessimistic view to earthquake prediction because of several failures. They suggest that the efforts should turn toward other fields, such as identification of building’s earthquake-proof capability, enhancement of house strength, and development of precise observational systems which will facilitate fast locating of future major temblors and emergent relief on site. Such a pessimistic feeling has also influence some Chinese researchers of the seismological community who attempted to give up efforts for earthquake prediction. Meanwhile other scientific workers are insisting in experiments and practices in this field and achieved some inspiring results. In this paper, we present several representative cases to illustrate that earthquakes are predictable under some conditions.

Keywords： Wenchuan Earthquake strong earthquake prediction microseism generating fault