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Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype

Xu Chen, Xiaomao Xu, Fei Xiao

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 425-432 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0295-x

Abstract: This review briefly describes the heterogeneity of COPD, with focus on recent advances in the correlations

Keywords： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease     heterogeneity     phenotype     genotype     prediction    

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Intratumor heterogeneity, microenvironment, and mechanisms of drug resistance in glioma recurrence and

Zhaoshi Bao, Yongzhi Wang, Qiangwei Wang, Shengyu Fang, Xia Shan, Jiguang Wang, Tao Jiang

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4,   Pages 551-561 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0760-2

Abstract: Several studies correlated tumor recurrence with tumor heterogeneity and the immune microenvironment.this review, we introduce the different mechanisms involved in glioma progression, including tumor heterogeneity

Keywords： glioma     evolution mechanism     strategies     tumor heterogeneity     secondary glioma    

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Heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment and clinical interventions

Frontiers of Medicine   Pages 617-648 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1015-9

Abstract: Heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment and clinical interventions

Keywords： Heterogeneity tumor immune    

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Computational modeling of fracture in concrete: A review

Luthfi Muhammad Mauludin, Chahmi Oucif

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 3,   Pages 586-598 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0573-z

Abstract: As heterogeneity of concrete material is major concern in micromechanical-based concrete modeling, one

Keywords： concrete fracture     macroscopic     micromechanical     heterogeneity    

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Analysis of stress and failure in rock specimens with closed and open flaws on the surface

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5,   Pages 1222-1237 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0773-1

Abstract: The influence of closed and open surface flaws on the stress distribution and failure in rock specimens is investigated. Heterogeneous finite element models are developed to simulate the compression tests on flawed rock specimens. The simulated specimens include those with closed flaws and those with open flaws on the surface. Systematic analyses are conducted to investigate the influences of the flaw inclination, friction coefficient and the confining stress on failure behavior. Numerical results show significant differences in the stress, displacement, and failure behavior of the closed and open flaws when they are subjected to pure compression; however, their behaviors under shear and tensile loads are similar. According to the results, when compression is the dominant mode of stress applied to the flaw surface, an open flaw may play a destressing role in the rock and relocate the stress concentration and failure zones. The presented results in this article suggest that failure at the rock surface may be managed in a favorable manner by fabricating open flaws on the rock surface. The insights gained from this research can be helpful in managing failure at the boundaries of rock structures.

Keywords： surface flaw     heterogeneity     circular hole     numerical modeling     relative displacement    

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A multiscale material model for heterogeneous liquid droplets in solid soft composites

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5,   Pages 1292-1299 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0771-3

Abstract: Liquid droplets in solid soft composites have been attracting increasing attention in biological applications. In contrary with conventional composites, which are made of solid elastic inclusions, available material models for composites including liquid droplets are for highly idealized configurations and do not include all material real parameters. They are also all deterministic and do not address the uncertainties arising from droplet radius, volume fraction, dispersion and agglomeration. This research revisits the available models for liquid droplets in solid soft composites and presents a multiscale computational material model to determine their elastic moduli, considering nearly all relevant uncertainties and heterogeneities at different length scales. The effects of surface tension at droplets interface, their volume fraction, size, size polydispersity and agglomeration on elastic modulus, are considered. Different micromechanical material models are incorporated into the presented computational framework. The results clearly indicate both softening and stiffening effects of liquid droplets and show that the model can precisely predict the effective properties of liquid droplets in solid soft composites.

Keywords： liquid in solid     soft composite     computational modeling     multiscale model     heterogeneity    

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Heterogeneous influence of individuals’ behavior on mask efficacy in gathering environments

Frontiers of Engineering Management   Pages 550-562 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0193-5

Abstract: The heterogeneity of individuals can cause mask efficacy in a specific gathering environment to be differentFurthermore, the heterogeneity of gathering environments causes the epidemic prevention effect of masksGiven the heterogeneity of individual behavior, if individuals who are more active in terms of interpersonal

Keywords： COVID-19     masks     behavioral heterogeneity     asymptomatic infection    

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Temporal and spatial stability of the EM/PM molecular subtypes in adult diffuse glioma

Frontiers of Medicine 2023, Volume 17, Issue 2,   Pages 240-262 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0936-z

Abstract: Detailed characterizations of genomic alterations have not identified subtype-specific vulnerabilities in adult gliomas. Mapping gliomas into developmental programs may uncover new vulnerabilities that are not strictly related to genomic alterations. After identifying conserved gene modules co-expressed with EGFR or PDGFRA (EM or PM), we recently proposed an EM/PM classification scheme for adult gliomas in a histological subtype- and grade-independent manner. By using cohorts of bulk samples, paired primary and recurrent samples, multi-region samples from the same glioma, single-cell RNA-seq samples, and clinical samples, we here demonstrate the temporal and spatial stability of the EM and PM subtypes. The EM and PM subtypes, which progress in a subtype-specific mode, are robustly maintained in paired longitudinal samples. Elevated activities of cell proliferation, genomic instability and microenvironment, rather than subtype switching, mark recurrent gliomas. Within individual gliomas, the EM/PM subtype was preserved across regions and single cells. Malignant cells in the EM and PM gliomas were correlated to neural stem cell and oligodendrocyte progenitor cell compartment, respectively. Thus, while genetic makeup may change during progression and/or within different tumor areas, adult gliomas evolve within a neurodevelopmental framework of the EM and PM molecular subtypes. The dysregulated developmental pathways embedded in these molecular subtypes may contain subtype-specific vulnerabilities.

Keywords： glioma progression     molecular classification     EM/PM subtyping     intratumor heterogeneity    

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Numerical simulation of damage in high arch dam due to earthquake

Hong ZHONG , Gao LIN , Hongjun LI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 316-322 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0039-9

Abstract: the cracking evolution process and damage mode of high arch dams are studied in consideration of the heterogeneity

Keywords： mesoscopic heterogeneity     damage simulation in earthquakes     arch dam    

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Changes in lncRNAs and related genes in β-thalassemia minor and β-thalassemia major

Jing Ma,Fei Liu,Xin Du,Duan Ma,Likuan Xiong

Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 1,   Pages 74-86 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0503-1

Abstract:

β-thalassemia is caused by β-globin gene mutations. However, heterogeneous phenotypes were found in individuals with same genotype, and still undescribed mechanism underlies such variation. We collected blood samples from 30 β-thalassemia major, 30 β-thalassemia minor patients, and 30 matched normal controls. Human lncRNA Array v2.0 (8 × 60 K, Arraystar) was used to detect changes in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in three samples each from β-thalassemia major, β-thalassemia minor, and control groups. Compared with normal controls, 1424 and 2045 lncRNAs were up- and downregulated, respectively, in β-thalassemia major patients, whereas 623 and 349 lncRNAs were up- and downregulated, respectively, in β-thalassemia minor patients. Compared with β-thalassemia minor group, 1367 and 2356 lncRNAs were up- and downregulated, respectively, in β-thalassemia major group. We selected five lncRNAs that displayed altered expressions (DQ583499, X-inactive specific transcript (Xist), lincRNA-TPM1, MRFS16P, and lincRNA-RUNX2-2) and confirmed their expression levels in all samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Based on coding-non-coding gene co-expression network and gene ontology biological process analyses, several signaling pathways were associated with three common organ systems exhibiting β-thalassemia phenotypes: hematologic, skeletal, and hepatic systems. This study implicates that abnormal expression levels of lncRNAs and mRNA in β-thalassemia cases may be correlated with its various clinical phenotypes.

Keywords： β-thalassemia     long non-coding RNA     mRNA     phenotypic heterogeneity     pathway    

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Schedule refinement for homogeneousmulti-core processors in the presence of manufacturing-caused heterogeneity

Zhi-xiang CHEN,Zhao-lin LI,Shan CAO,Fang WANG,Jie ZHOU

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2015, Volume 16, Issue 12,   Pages 1018-1033 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500035

Abstract: Task scheduling approaches, which do not consider such heterogeneity caused by within-die variations,performance according to the actual maximum clock frequencies at which cores can run, we present a heterogeneity-aware

Keywords： Schedule refining     Multi-core processor     Heterogeneity     Representative chip operating point    

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Exploring Eco-Hydraulic Engineering

Dong Zheren

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 1-7

Abstract:

The dependence on rivers of both humans and ecosystems is high,and humans should share water resources with ecosystems.Hydraulic engineering is one of the stress factors to river ecosystem.It is required toestablish new rules and develop new techniques,so as to enable the consideration of the requirement of thehealth and sustainability of river ecosystem while carrying on hydraulic engineering to meet human demands,thus establishing an ecological friendly hydraulic engineering technical system.

Keywords： ecology     hydraulic engineering     stress     discontinuum     heterogeneity     feedback design    

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Exploring financially constrained small- and medium-sized enterprises based on a multi-relation translational graph attention network Research Article

Qianqiao LIANG, Hua WEI, Yaxi WU, Feng WEI, Deng ZHAO, Jianshan HE, Xiaolin ZHENG, Guofang MA, Bing HAN

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 3,   Pages 388-402 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200151

Abstract: The main challenge lies in modeling two kinds of heterogeneity, i.e., and SMEs' , under different relation

Keywords： Financing needs exploration     Graph representation learning     Transfer heterogeneity     Behavior heterogeneity    

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Potential unreliability of ALK variant allele frequency in the efficacy prediction of targeted therapy in NSCLC

Frontiers of Medicine 2023, Volume 17, Issue 3,   Pages 493-502 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0946-x

Abstract: Pre-existing intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) has been proven to contribute to the poor treatment response

Keywords： fluorescence in situ hybridization     immunohistochemistry     variant allele frequency     intratumoral heterogeneity    

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Finite element simulation for elastic dislocation of the North-Tehran fault: The effects of geologic layering and slip distribution for the segment located in Karaj

Pooya ZAKIAN; Hossein ASADI HAYEH

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 4,   Pages 533-549 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0802-8

Abstract: The fault was modeled with the existing heterogeneity of the domain having been considered.In addition to the assessment of slip distribution, layering complexity and heterogeneity, the results

Keywords： finite element method     fault dislocation     slip distribution     the North-Tehran fault     heterogeneity     geological    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype

Xu Chen, Xiaomao Xu, Fei Xiao

Journal Article

Intratumor heterogeneity, microenvironment, and mechanisms of drug resistance in glioma recurrence and

Zhaoshi Bao, Yongzhi Wang, Qiangwei Wang, Shengyu Fang, Xia Shan, Jiguang Wang, Tao Jiang

Journal Article

Heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment and clinical interventions

Journal Article

Computational modeling of fracture in concrete: A review

Luthfi Muhammad Mauludin, Chahmi Oucif

Journal Article

Analysis of stress and failure in rock specimens with closed and open flaws on the surface

Journal Article

A multiscale material model for heterogeneous liquid droplets in solid soft composites

Journal Article

Heterogeneous influence of individuals’ behavior on mask efficacy in gathering environments

Journal Article

Temporal and spatial stability of the EM/PM molecular subtypes in adult diffuse glioma

Journal Article

Numerical simulation of damage in high arch dam due to earthquake

Hong ZHONG , Gao LIN , Hongjun LI

Journal Article

Changes in lncRNAs and related genes in β-thalassemia minor and β-thalassemia major

Jing Ma,Fei Liu,Xin Du,Duan Ma,Likuan Xiong

Journal Article

Schedule refinement for homogeneousmulti-core processors in the presence of manufacturing-caused heterogeneity

Zhi-xiang CHEN,Zhao-lin LI,Shan CAO,Fang WANG,Jie ZHOU

Journal Article

Exploring Eco-Hydraulic Engineering

Dong Zheren

Journal Article

Exploring financially constrained small- and medium-sized enterprises based on a multi-relation translational graph attention network

Qianqiao LIANG, Hua WEI, Yaxi WU, Feng WEI, Deng ZHAO, Jianshan HE, Xiaolin ZHENG, Guofang MA, Bing HAN

Journal Article

Potential unreliability of ALK variant allele frequency in the efficacy prediction of targeted therapy in NSCLC

Journal Article

Finite element simulation for elastic dislocation of the North-Tehran fault: The effects of geologic layering and slip distribution for the segment located in Karaj

Pooya ZAKIAN; Hossein ASADI HAYEH

Journal Article