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Cholera: an overview with reference to the Yemen epidemic

Ali A. Rabaan

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 213-228 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0631-2

Abstract: Cholera is a secretory diarrhoeal disease caused by infection with , primarily the O1 El Tor biotype. There are approximately 2.9 million cases in 69 endemic countries annually, resulting in 95 000 deaths. Cholera is associated with poor infrastructure and lack of access to sanitation and clean drinking water. The current cholera epidemic in Yemen, linked to spread of O1 (Ogawa serotype), is associated with the ongoing war. This has devastated infrastructure and health services. The World Health Organization had estimated that 172 286 suspected cases arose between 27th April and 19th June 2017, including 1170 deaths. While there are three oral cholera vaccines prequalified by the World Health Organization, there are issues surrounding vaccination campaigns in conflict situations, exacerbated by external factors such as a global vaccine shortage. Major movements of people complicates surveillance and administration of double doses of vaccines. Cholera therapy mainly depends on rehydration, with use of antibiotics in more severe infections. Concerns have arisen about the rise of antibiotic resistance in cholera, due to mobile genetic elements. In this review, we give an overview of cholera epidemiology, virulence, antibiotic resistance, therapy and vaccines, in the light of the ongoing epidemic in Yemen.

Keywords： cholera     epidemic     multi-drug resistant     catechin     luteolin     ToxT     CTX&Fcy    

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reference tracking control design for a class of nonlinear systems with time-varying delays

Mei-qin LIU,Hai-yang CHEN,Sen-lin ZHANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2015, Volume 16, Issue 9,   Pages 759-768 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500053

Abstract: Second, the performance analysis of the closed-loop system including this unified model, referencedesign are derived in terms of LMIs such that the output of the closed-loop system tracks the given referenceThe reference model adopted here is modified to be more flexible.

Keywords： H∞     reference tracking     Nonlinear system     State feedback control     Time-varying delays     Unified model    

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A reliable and practical reference objective for the deviation diagnosis of energy system parameters

Liping LI, Zheng LI,

Frontiers in Energy 2009, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 440-445 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0051-8

Abstract: The core objective to optimize a complex energy system is to set the reference target to guide the parameter

Keywords： energy system     case-based     optimization     power unit operation     performance    

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Management strategies of marine food resources under multiple stressors with particular reference of

Qisheng TANG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 85-90 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014021

Abstract:

In this study two main management strategies are discussed: one is to develop resource conservation-based capture fisheries, and the other is to develop environmentally friendly aquaculture. During the resource recovery period, the development of environmentally friendly aquaculture should be encouraged, especially in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, which is adaptive, efficient and sustainable. For future development and better understanding the ecosystem, it is necessary to further strengthen basic research.

Keywords： marine     ecosystem     management strategies     food resources     Yellow Sea    

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Scientific Connotation and Development Strategy of Standard Reference Data

Fang Xiang, Yu Lianchao, Ren Siyuan, Xiong Xingchuang

Strategic Study of CAE 2023, Volume 25, Issue 3,   Pages 230-238 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.021

Abstract:

Standard reference data is a type of high-quality scientific data andResearch on the standard reference data in China lags significantly behind the advanced world levelexplores the scientific connotation, extended characteristics, and strategic values of standard referenceMoreover, the current status of standard reference data development in China is viewed, key problemsFurthermore, the study recommends establishing a sound policy system for standard reference data

Keywords： scientific data     metrological traceability     standardization     standard reference data    

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Wheat research and breeding in the new era of a high-quality reference genome

Rudi APPELS

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 6, Issue 3,   Pages 225-232 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019265

Abstract:

The publications of the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) released in August 2018 are reviewed and placed into the context of developments arising from the availability of the high-quality wheat genome assembly.

Keywords： assembly technology     molecular markers     polyploidy     transcript networks     wheat genome    

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A model reference adaptive control based method for actuator delay estimation in real-time testing

Cheng CHEN, James M. RICLES

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 3,   Pages 277-286 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0072-8

Abstract: This paper presents a model reference adaptive control based method to identify the parameter of a simplified

Keywords： real-time testing     actuator delay     compensation     adaptive control     MIT rule     discrete transfer function    

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Comparison of reference values for immune recovery between event-free patients receiving haploidentical

Xuying Pei, Xiangyu Zhao, Yu Wang, Lanping Xu, Xiaohui Zhang, Kaiyan Liu, Yingjun Chang, Xiaojun Huang

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 2,   Pages 153-163 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0548-1

Abstract:

To establish optimal reference values for recovered immune cell subsets, we prospectively investigatedResults suggest that patients with an IR comparable to the reference values display superior survivalWe suggest that data from this recipient cohort should be used as reference values for post-transplant

Keywords： immune reconstitution     hematopoietic stem cell transplantation     event-free patients     reference range    

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Realization of an Optimal Dynamic Geodetic Reference Frame in China: Methodology and Applications Article

Pengfei Cheng, Yingyan Cheng, Xiaoming Wang, Suqin Wu, Yantian Xu

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 8,   Pages 879-897 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.004

Abstract: China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 (CGCS2000) has been used for several years as a formal published referenceDifferent strategies can be adopted for the realization of an optimal reference frame.study, a statistic method called “supervised clustering”is applied to the selection of GNSS reference

Keywords： Optimal reference frame realization     China Plate Model     CGCS2000 maintenance     Nonlinear movement modeling    

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Lightening structure optimization on turbine wheel of vehicular turbocharger

ZHAO Junsheng, MA Chaochen, HU Liaoping

Frontiers in Energy 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 422-426 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0098-y

Abstract: The result can provide useful reference to engineering application of turbocharger.

Keywords： requirement     technique     engineering application     turbocharger     reference    

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Short-Range Current Velocity Records to Apply in the Reference Period for Sutong Bridge

Su Hui,Gong Weiming,Liang Shuting

Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 7,   Pages 42-46

Abstract:

The current velocity of reference period is determined by the local primitive data.A method is introduced to determine the current velocity of reference period through short-range currentPresuming the extreme value by way of minority sample，the current velocity of reference period is calculated.Correlation

Keywords： short-range records     the current velocity of reference period     correlation analysis     regression equation    

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An Interactive ServiceorientedP2P Networks Architecture Reference Model

Liu Ye,Liu Linfen,Zhuang Yanyan

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 9,   Pages 72-77

Abstract:

An interactive service- oriented P2P networks architecture (ISPNA) is proposed in this paper.  Based on the further analysis on the service demand of distributed P2P applications,  and considering the characteristics of P2P networks such as loose-coupled,  self-organizing,  and scalability,  the key availability enhancing issues of P2P networks are resolved by several different layers in ISPNA,  of which mutual relations are to analyzed.  From the architecture point of view,  to synthetically take into account the omnifarious factors that affect the availability of structure P2P networks and to analyze the causes of their formation should be helpful to put the questions in right perspective.

Keywords： P2P networks     architecture     reference model     resource     service    

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Stress-strain relationship of concrete in freeze-thaw environment

ZOU Chaoying, ZHAO Juan, LIANG Feng

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 184-188 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0029-3

Abstract: These results provide great reference for further research on the behavior and the calculation model

Keywords： stress-strain theoretical     freeze-thaw     capacity     reference     eighteen concrete    

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Deep Exploration for Lithosphere With Special Reference to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Zhao Wenjin

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 1-15

Abstract:

A brief introduction of nation-wide deep profiling and deep drilling, carried out in Russia, USA and China respectively is given in this paper. It is suggested that deep exploration is a significant development following regional geological survey. Understanding of the four-dimensional structure of crust and upper mantle enables people to get structural pattern of earth shallow depths (at least down to 100 km) in detail, allowing deepening people´s knowledge of earth. The results of deep exploration, thus, can provide multi-purpose services, and it is of completely new significance, for example, in predictive evaluation of mineral resources, in study of geological environment, in theoretical study of continental dynamics, and so on.

Taking the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example, the paper introduces newest results of deep exploration in the Plateau, such as the fine structure of crust, which is characterized by structural complexity of upper crust and strong rheological property of lower crust. There is a the limitation of downward extension of the surface dislocation, and no trans-lithosphere faults exist there. It is found out that hidden or half-hidden large decollements or thrusts are the restrictions for downward continuation of the faults above. Some buried partial melting layers or magmatic chamber or magmatic rock zone are discovered, and it is of great significance for geothermal evaluation and prospecting prognosis. The stability of Moho undulation in depth is verified, and existence of large faults is not determined. For the first time the newest results of high-resolution seismic tomographic imaging of teleseism body waves are introduced. It is suggested that after the collision of Indian lithosphere mantle with Asian lithosphere, i. e . with downward movement of the Indian lithosphere mantle at a steep angle to the north, it was detached into upper and lower layers. While the lower layer was sub ducting down to asthenosphere, the upper layer extended to the north of Wenquan, where it was dislocated and fell into asthenosphere. A test integrated interpretation, in which the deep detection results were interpreted in consideration with GPS and leveling survey, was made in this paper.

Keywords： lithosphere     deep exploration     Tibet Plateau    

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Noise reduction for centrifugal fan with non-isometric forward-swept blade impeller

MA Jianfeng, QI Datong, MAO Yijun

Frontiers in Energy 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 433-437 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0082-6

Abstract: centrifugal fan using impellers with non-isometric forward-swept blades was analyzed, which can serve as a reference

Keywords： different     reference     aerodynamic performance     centrifugal     impeller    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Cholera: an overview with reference to the Yemen epidemic

Ali A. Rabaan

Journal Article

reference tracking control design for a class of nonlinear systems with time-varying delays

Mei-qin LIU,Hai-yang CHEN,Sen-lin ZHANG

Journal Article

A reliable and practical reference objective for the deviation diagnosis of energy system parameters

Liping LI, Zheng LI,

Journal Article

Management strategies of marine food resources under multiple stressors with particular reference of

Qisheng TANG

Journal Article

Scientific Connotation and Development Strategy of Standard Reference Data

Fang Xiang, Yu Lianchao, Ren Siyuan, Xiong Xingchuang

Journal Article

Wheat research and breeding in the new era of a high-quality reference genome

Rudi APPELS

Journal Article

A model reference adaptive control based method for actuator delay estimation in real-time testing

Cheng CHEN, James M. RICLES

Journal Article

Comparison of reference values for immune recovery between event-free patients receiving haploidentical

Xuying Pei, Xiangyu Zhao, Yu Wang, Lanping Xu, Xiaohui Zhang, Kaiyan Liu, Yingjun Chang, Xiaojun Huang

Journal Article

Realization of an Optimal Dynamic Geodetic Reference Frame in China: Methodology and Applications

Pengfei Cheng, Yingyan Cheng, Xiaoming Wang, Suqin Wu, Yantian Xu

Journal Article

Lightening structure optimization on turbine wheel of vehicular turbocharger

ZHAO Junsheng, MA Chaochen, HU Liaoping

Journal Article

Short-Range Current Velocity Records to Apply in the Reference Period for Sutong Bridge

Su Hui,Gong Weiming,Liang Shuting

Journal Article

An Interactive ServiceorientedP2P Networks Architecture Reference Model

Liu Ye,Liu Linfen,Zhuang Yanyan

Journal Article

Stress-strain relationship of concrete in freeze-thaw environment

ZOU Chaoying, ZHAO Juan, LIANG Feng

Journal Article

Deep Exploration for Lithosphere With Special Reference to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Zhao Wenjin

Journal Article

Noise reduction for centrifugal fan with non-isometric forward-swept blade impeller

MA Jianfeng, QI Datong, MAO Yijun

Journal Article