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Challenge of global climate change: Prospects for a new energy paradigm

Michael B. MCELROY

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages 2-11 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0005-8

Abstract: Perspectives on the challenge posed by potential future climate change are presented including a discussion of prospects for carbon capture followed either by sequestration or reuse including opportunities for alternatives to the use of oil in the transportation sector. The potential for wind energy as an alternative to fossil fuel energy as a source of electricity is outlined including the related opportunities for cost effective curtailment of future growth in emissions of CO.

Keywords： climate change carbon capture wind ethanol CO₂ radiative forcing

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Global sources, emissions, transport and deposition of dust and sand and their effects on the climate and environment: a review

Feng Wang, Xueqiu Zhao, Cynthia Gerlein-Safdi, Yue Mu, Dongfang Wang, Qi Lu

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0904-z

Abstract: Dust and Sand Storms (DSS) originating in deserts in arid and semi-arid regions are events raising global public concern. An important component of atmospheric aerosols, dust aerosols play a key role in climatic and environmental changes at the regional and the global scale. Deserts and semi-deserts are the main source of dust and sand, but regions that undergo vegetation deterioration and desertification due to climate change and human activities also contribute significantly to DSS. Dust aerosols are mainly composed of dust particles with an average diameter of 2 m, which can be transported over thousands of kilometers. Dust aerosols influence the radiation budget of the earth-atmosphere system by scattering solar short-wave radiation and absorbing surface long-wave radiation. They can also change albedo and rainfall patterns because they can act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) or ice nuclei (IN). Dust deposition is an important source of both marine nutrients and contaminants. Dust aerosols that enter marine ecosystems after long-distance transport influence phytoplankton biomass in the oceans, and thus global climate by altering the amount of CO absorbed by phytoplankton. In addition, the carbonates carried by dust aerosols are an important source of carbon for the alkaline carbon pool, which can buffer atmospheric acidity and increase the alkalinity of seawater. DSS have both positive and negative impacts on human society: they can exert adverse impacts on human’s living environment, but can also contribute to the mitigation of global warming and the reduction of atmospheric acidity.

Keywords： Dust and sand storm Climate effects Radiative forcing Cloud condensation nuclei Precipitation Iron fertilizer

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Thermal radiative properties of metamaterials and other nanostructured materials: A review

Ceji FU, Zhuomin M. ZHANG

Frontiers in Energy 2009, Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 11-26 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0009-x

Abstract: investigations have been performed in recent years to understand the influence of microstructures on radiativeproperties, and other nanostructured materials, such as gratings and photonic crystals, for application in radiative

Keywords： metamaterial nanostructured material thermal radiative property radiative energy transfer

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Modeling radiative effects of haze on summer-time convective precipitation over North China: a case study

Xuying WANG, Bin ZHANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0840-3

Abstract: We modeled the impact of haze radiative effects on precipitation in North China.Shortwave heating induced by haze radiative effects would reduce heavy rainfalls.The impact of haze radiative effect on summertime 24-h convective precipitation over North China wasThe haze radiative effect was represented by incorporating an idealized aerosol optical profile, withWe found that the shortwave heating induced by aerosol radiative effects would significantly reduce heavy

Keywords： Haze Aerosol radiative effects Convective precipitation

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A spectrally selective surface structure for combined photothermic conversion and radiative sky cooling

Bin ZHAO, Xianze AO, Nuo CHEN, Qingdong XUAN, Mingke HU, Gang PEI

Frontiers in Energy 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages 882-888 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0694-z

Abstract: conceptually proposed and optically designed for the combination of photothermic conversion (PT) and nighttime radiative

Keywords： solar energy photothermic conversion radiative sky cooling spectral selectivity multilayer film

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Entropy flow, entropy generation, exergy flux, and optimal absorbing temperature in radiative transfer

Zeshao CHEN, Songping MO, Peng HU, Shouli JIANG, Gang WANG, Xiaofang CHENG,

Frontiers in Energy 2010, Volume 4, Issue 3, Pages 301-305 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0006-0

Abstract: Taking nonequilibrium radiative heat transfer between two surfaces as an example, the nonequilibriumthermodynamic analysis and optimization of solar energy utilization and can be applied in more complex radiative

Keywords： radiative heat transfer entropy generation exergy thermodynamics

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Near-field radiative thermoelectric energy converters: a review

Eric TERVO, Elham BAGHERISERESHKI, Zhuomin ZHANG

Frontiers in Energy 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 5-21 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0517-z

Abstract: Radiative thermoelectric energy converters, which include thermophotovoltaic cells, thermoradiative cells

Keywords： energy conversion systems luminescent refrigeration near-field radiation thermophotovoltaic thermoradiative cell

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Radiative properties of materials with surface scattering or volume scattering: A review

Qunzhi ZHU, Hyunjin LEE, Zhuomin M. HANG

Frontiers in Energy 2009, Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 60-79 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0011-3

Abstract: Radiative properties of rough surfaces, particulate media and porous materials are important in thermalThe approach of using measured surface roughness statistics in Monte Carlo simulations to predict radiativeThe effects of various parameters on the radiative properties of particulate media and porous materials

Keywords： aerogel fiber particle scattering radiative properties soot surface roughness

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The effect of texture and irrigation on the soil moisture vertical-temporal variability in an urban artificial landscape: a case study of Olympic Forest Park in Beijing

Xiaofeng ZHANG,Xu ZHANG,Guanghe LI

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 269-278 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0672-y

Abstract: Soil moisture variability in natural landscapes has been widely studied; however, less attention has been paid to its variability in the urban landscapes with respect to the possible influence of texture stratification and irrigation management. Therefore, a case study was carried out in the Beijing Olympic Forest Park to continuously monitor the soil in three typical profiles from 26 April to 11 November 2010. The texture stratification significantly affected the vertical distribution of moisture in the non-irrigated profile where moisture was mostly below field capacity. In the profile where irrigation was sufficient to maintain moisture above field capacity, gravity flow led to increased moisture with depth and thus eliminated the influence of texture. In the non-irrigated sites, the upper layer (above 80 cm) exhibited long-term moisture persistence with the time scale approximating the average rainfall interval. However, a coarse-textured layer weakened the influence of rainfall, and a fine-textured layer weakened the influence of evapotranspiration, both of which resulted in random noise-like moisture series in the deeper layers. At the irrigated site, frequent irrigation neutralized the influence of evapotranspiration in the upper layer (above 60 cm) and overshadowed the influence of rainfall in the deeper layer. As a result, the moisture level in the upper layer also behaved as a random noise-like series; whereas due to deep transpiration, the moisture of the deep layer had a persistence time-scale longer than a month, consistent with characteristic time-scales found for deep transpiration.

Keywords： vertical distribution moisture temporal variation texture stratification irrigation meteorological forcing

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Determination and Division of Radiative Color Gamut in Primary-Color Method for Temperature Measurement

Wang Anquan,Cheng Xiaofang,Lu Shaosong

Strategic Study of Chinese Academy of Engineering 2002, Volume 4, Issue 8, Pages 54-57

Abstract: Based on the lineal model of spectral emissivity in the range of visible spectrum, the formulation of radiativeThe radiative color gamut is determined and divided into two components, the single-solution gamut and

Keywords： temperature measurement primary-color method color gamut emissivity

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Thermal performance of a single-layer packed metal pebble-bed exposed to high energy fluxes

Shengchun ZHANG, Zhifeng WANG, Hui BIAN, Pingrui HUANG

Frontiers in Energy 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2, Pages 513-528 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0638-7

Abstract: It is difficult to accurately measure the temperature of the falling particle receiver since thermocouples may directly be exposed to the solar flux. This study analyzes the thermal performance of a packed bed receiver using large metal spheres to minimize the measurement error of particle temperature with the sphere temperature reaching more than 700°C in experiments in a solar furnace and a solar simulator. The numerical models of a single sphere and multiple spheres are verified by the experiments. The multiple spheres model includes calculations of the external incidence, view factors, and heat transfer. The effects of parameters on the temperature variations of the spheres, the transient thermal efficiency, and the temperature uniformity are investigated, such as the ambient temperature, particle thermal conductivity, energy flux, sphere diameter, and sphere emissivity. When the convection is not considered, the results show that the sphere emissivity has a significant influence on the transient thermal efficiency and that the temperature uniformity is strongly affected by the energy flux, sphere diameter, and sphere emissivity. As the emissivity increases from 0.5 to 0.9, the transient thermal efficiency and the average temperature variance increase from 53.5% to 75.7% and from 14.3% to 27.1% at 3.9 min, respectively. The average temperature variance decreases from 29.7% to 9.3% at 2.2 min with the sphere diameter increasing from 28.57 mm to 50 mm. As the dimensionless energy flux increases from 0.8 to 1.2, the average temperature variance increases from 13.4% to 26.6% at 3.4 min.

Keywords： packed bed solar thermal power plants high heat fluxes radiative heat transfer

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Aneffective approach for low-complexity maximumlikelihood based automatic modulation classification of STBC-MIMOsystems Article

Maqsood H. SHAH, Xiao-yu DANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 3, Pages 465-475 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800306

Abstract: We exploit the zero-forcing equalization technique to modify the typical average likelihood ratio test

Keywords： Multiple-input multiple-output Space-time block code Maximum likelihood Automatic modulation classification Zero-forcing

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Bifunctional Asymmetric Fabric with Tailored Thermal Conduction and Radiation for Personal Cooling and Warming Article

Yucan Peng, Hiang Kwee Lee, David S. Wu, Yi Cui

Engineering 2022, Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages 167-173 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.04.016

Abstract:

Personal thermal management is emerging as a promising strategy to provide thermal comfort for the human body while conserving energy. By improving control over the heat dissipating from the human body, personal thermal management can provide effective personal cooling and warming. Here, we propose a facile surface modification approach to tailor the thermal conduction and radiation properties based on commercially available fabric, to realize better management of the whole heat transport pathway from the human body to the ambient. A bifunctional asymmetric fabric (BAF) offering both a cooling and a warming effect is demonstrated. Due to the advantages of roughness asymmetry and surface modification, the BAF demonstrates an effective cooling effect through enhanced heat conduction and radiation in the cooling mode; in the warming mode, heat dissipation along both routes is reduced for personal warming. As a result, a 4.6 °C skin temperature difference is measured between the cooling and warming BAF modes, indicating that the thermal comfort zone of the human body can be enlarged with one piece of BAF clothing. We expect this work to present new insights for the design of personal thermal management textiles as well as a novel solution for the facile modification of available fabrics for both personal cooling and warming.

Keywords： Textiles Personal thermal management Bifunctional asymmetric fabric Heat conduction Radiative heat

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Challenge of global climate change: Prospects for a new energy paradigm

Michael B. MCELROY

Journal Article

Global sources, emissions, transport and deposition of dust and sand and their effects on the climate and environment: a review

Feng Wang, Xueqiu Zhao, Cynthia Gerlein-Safdi, Yue Mu, Dongfang Wang, Qi Lu

Journal Article

Thermal radiative properties of metamaterials and other nanostructured materials: A review

Ceji FU, Zhuomin M. ZHANG

Journal Article

Modeling radiative effects of haze on summer-time convective precipitation over North China: a case study

Xuying WANG, Bin ZHANG

Journal Article

A spectrally selective surface structure for combined photothermic conversion and radiative sky cooling

Bin ZHAO, Xianze AO, Nuo CHEN, Qingdong XUAN, Mingke HU, Gang PEI

Journal Article

Entropy flow, entropy generation, exergy flux, and optimal absorbing temperature in radiative transfer

Zeshao CHEN, Songping MO, Peng HU, Shouli JIANG, Gang WANG, Xiaofang CHENG,

Journal Article

Near-field radiative thermoelectric energy converters: a review

Eric TERVO, Elham BAGHERISERESHKI, Zhuomin ZHANG

Journal Article

Radiative properties of materials with surface scattering or volume scattering: A review

Qunzhi ZHU, Hyunjin LEE, Zhuomin M. HANG

Journal Article

The effect of texture and irrigation on the soil moisture vertical-temporal variability in an urban artificial landscape: a case study of Olympic Forest Park in Beijing

Xiaofeng ZHANG,Xu ZHANG,Guanghe LI

Journal Article

Determination and Division of Radiative Color Gamut in Primary-Color Method for Temperature Measurement

Wang Anquan,Cheng Xiaofang,Lu Shaosong

Journal Article

Thermal performance of a single-layer packed metal pebble-bed exposed to high energy fluxes

Shengchun ZHANG, Zhifeng WANG, Hui BIAN, Pingrui HUANG

Journal Article

Aneffective approach for low-complexity maximumlikelihood based automatic modulation classification of STBC-MIMOsystems

Maqsood H. SHAH, Xiao-yu DANG

Journal Article

Bifunctional Asymmetric Fabric with Tailored Thermal Conduction and Radiation for Personal Cooling and Warming