摘要
Ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide (AACH) was prepared by a precipitation-azeotropic distillation method, which uses aluminum sulfate as the Al source and ammonium carbonate as the precipitant. Then, AACH was calcined into ultrafine ?-AlO powder. The factors that influence the dispersion property of ultrafine ?-AlO powder are discussed in this paper, such as the methods of adding materials, surfactant, and drying methods. The changes of the structure and property of ultrafine alumina in the thermal treatment process are also studied. The morphological structure and properties of AACH are characterized by DTA/TGA, SEM, XRD, and ICP measurements. The results show that ultrafine ?-AlO powder with a uniform particle size and well-distributed property can be synthesized only after aluminum sulfate atomizes into ammonium carbonate, proper amount of PEG1000 is added as the dispersant, and the product is treated by azeotropic distillation. The phase transformation of alumina during the calcination process can be described as amorphous AlO → ?-AlO → ?-AlO → ?-AlO. The crystal grain size and density of ultrafine alumina powder increase with the increase of the calcination temperature. After AACH has been calcined at 1200°C for 2 h, the ultrafine ?-AlO with uniform particle size, spherical shape, and more than 99.97% purity is obtained and its powder is well dispersed.
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