期刊首页 优先出版 当期阅读 过刊浏览 作者中心 关于期刊 English

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 >> 2016年 第10卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0859-5

Air quality improvement in Los Angeles—Perspectives for developing cities

. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80305, USA.. NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, 325 Broadway R/CSD7, Boulder, CO 80305, USA.. California Air Resources Board, 1001 I Street, P.O. Box 2815, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA.. College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

发布日期: 2016-07-07

下一篇 上一篇

摘要

Air quality improvement in Los Angeles can inform air quality policies in developing cities. Emission control efforts, their results, costs and health benefits are briefly summarized. Today's developing cities face new challenges including regional pollution. Air quality issues in Beijing are briefly compared and contrasted with Los Angeles. Opportunities for co-benefits for climate and air quality improvement are identified. Air quality improvement in Los Angeles, California is reviewed with an emphasis on aspects that may inform air quality policy formulation in developing cities. In the mid-twentieth century the air quality in Los Angeles was degraded to an extent comparable to the worst found in developing cities today; ozone exceeded 600 ppb and annual average particulate matter <10 mm reached ~150 mg·m . Today's air quality is much better due to very effective emission controls; e.g., modern automobiles emit about 1% of the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide emitted by vehicles of 50 years ago. An overview is given of the emission control efforts in Los Angeles and their impact on ambient concentrations of primary and secondary pollutants; the costs and health benefits of these controls are briefly summarized. Today's developing cities have new challenges that are discussed: the effects of regional pollution transport are much greater in countries with very high population densities; often very large current populations must be supplied with goods and services even while economic development and air quality concerns are addressed; and many of currently developing cities are located in or close to the tropics where photochemical processing of pollution is expected to be more rapid than at higher latitudes. The air quality issues of Beijing are briefly compared and contrasted with those of Los Angeles, and the opportunities for co-benefits for climate and air quality improvement are pointed out.

相关研究