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《工程(英文)》 >> 2018年 第4卷 第5期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.08.009

土石坝SH 波地震反射成像

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0053, USA

收稿日期: 2017-04-08 修回日期: 2018-03-31 录用日期: 2018-08-27 发布日期: 2018-09-05

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摘要

评价地下物性和地质特征成像(如断层、空洞、低速层等)是近地表地球物理学中的经典问题,这些问题通常会危害岩土工程,尤其对大型土石防洪坝这类高危结构物危害更大。在美国,由于大部分重要的基础设施在20 世纪初至20 世纪中叶设计建成,目前这些堤坝已处于设计寿命的末期,之前被人忽略的或者在设计建造过程中被认为无关紧要的细微缺陷将会对堤坝安全造成严重威胁。这些构造在高水动力条件下会加速薄弱区域的恶化,并破坏其长期完整性。仅用传统钻探技术解决大坝的相关问题通常存在不足(缺乏横向分辨率),过高的成本同样限制了钻探技术的发展。然而,有选择的岩土钻探技术与近地表地球物理相结合,尤其是对堤坝内部细小结构和地质基础条件成像方面的剪切波(shear-wave,SH 波)地震反射技术,可以有效地降低堤坝修复工程所需的成本。为支持上述观点,本文以美国中部两个防洪坝为例,对其原位组分和工程建设组分进行SH 波地震反射成像。

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