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《工程(英文)》 >> 2018年 第4卷 第6期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.10.008

下一代锂电池在能源化学工程方面的研究进展

a Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

b Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

收稿日期: 2018-10-24 修回日期: 2018-10-29 录用日期: 2018-10-30 发布日期: 2018-11-16

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摘要

锂离子电池(LIB)对当今人们的生活产生了深远的影响。然而由于插层化学本质上的限制,锂离子电池的能量密度已接近理论上限,难以满足人们在多方面日益增长的储能需求,如便携式电子设备、电动汽车和大规模储能。因此,下一代锂(Li)电池正在广泛研究中。其中,采用金属锂作为负极,插层或转化型材料作为正极的下一代锂电池是最受关注的体系,因其具有高能量密度和巨大的商业化潜力。近年来,随着材料和反应机理方面研究的深入以及技术手段的进步,锂电池取得了不断的发展。本文从下一代锂电池的电解液/ 电解质的设计出发,从能源化学工程的角度梳理锂离子电池、锂硫电池和锂空电池中的关键科学问题和研究进展,并阐述下一代锂电池未来的发展方向。下一代锂电池有望促进人类文明的可持续发展。

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