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《工程(英文)》 >> 2019年 第5卷 第1期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.019

中药安全性研究——方法、应用与前景

a Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
b Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
c Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
d Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China

收稿日期: 2018-07-11 修回日期: 2018-11-06 录用日期: 2018-11-14 发布日期: 2019-01-11

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摘要

在2000 多年的历史长河中,中医药体系收集和汇总了丰富的临床经验。但是,在其越来越吸引世界关注的同时,中药不良反应的频繁发生阻碍了中药的现代化和国际化进程。不同于化学药品和生物制剂,中药毒性和安全性研究的难点主要在于其成分的复杂性和药物- 机体相互作用的不可预测性。大多数有总体疗效的中药均具有多成分、多途径和多靶点的典型机制。考虑到中药毒性的渐进性和不可预测性、毒素和安全剂量的模糊性以及长时间中药给药的个体差异,笔者系统地建立了针对中药毒性评价的关键技术。这些技术主要包括在早期阶段结合药物毒理基因组学和代谢组学发现中药毒性、中药剂量与毒性关系的鉴定方法,以及探索中药相互作用的综合技术,例如根据药物代谢酶和受体途径进行快速筛选测试。特别地,笔者提出了一种利用分子毒理学评价中药安全性的新技术体系,该体系已经在中药配伍禁忌、质量控制和过敏原发现等研究中得到了很好的验证。本文将详细介绍这种关键技术平台的应用,其应用包括模式生物、毒物生物标志物、磁悬浮技术以及在川楝子(Fructus toosendan)、决明子(Semen cassiae)、何首乌(Polygonum multiflorum)和补骨脂(Fructus psoraleae)的毒性研究中应用的网络毒理学和计算毒理学。

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