期刊首页 优先出版 当期阅读 过刊浏览 作者中心 关于期刊 English

《工程(英文)》 >> 2019年 第5卷 第3期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.012

陆上超深层油气勘探理论进展与关键技术

a SINOPEC Exploration Company, Chengdu 610041, China
b Institute of Oil & Gas; School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

收稿日期: 2018-06-28 修回日期: 2018-10-24 录用日期: 2019-01-22 发布日期: 2019-04-26

下一篇 上一篇

摘要

中浅层越来越难以发现新的大型油气藏,世界油气勘探有向深层-超深层进军的趋势。近些年来,中国在超深层领域,包括在碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩储层中,取得了令人瞩目的油气勘探成果,发现了(超)大型油(气)田。为了分享这些油气藏的勘探开发经验,本文从油气成藏机理和关键技术两方面进行了总结。超深层油气来源于多元供烃和多期充注。由于低地温梯度或超压作用,在超深层仍然可发育液态烃;且由于深部烃-水-岩反应或深源气体的加入而使超深层天然气组分复杂化。这些油气主要储存于原始高能礁滩或砂体沉积体中,它们具有较高的原始孔隙度。后期溶蚀、白云岩化、破裂作用常使得储层次生孔隙发育。而烃类较早充注等保持性成岩作用,则使得早期孔隙得以保存至今。超深层油气成藏一般呈现近源富集和持续保存的规律。超深层油气藏的有效勘探开发,离不开关键技术的支撑。采用最新的地震信号采集及处理、低孔渗带预测和气水识别等技术,使得超深层油气得以被发现;而先进的钻完井和油气测试技术,则保证了这些油气田的有效开发。

图片

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

参考文献

[ 1 ] Guo XS, Guo TL, Huang RC, Duan JB. Cases of discovery and exploration of marine fields in China (part 16): Yuanba gas field in Sichuan Basin. Mar Origin Pet Geol 2014;19(4):57–64. Chinese. 链接1

[ 2 ] He ZL, Jin XH, Wo YJ, Li HL, Bai ZR, Jiao CL, et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics and exploration domains of ultra-deep marine carbonates in China. China Petro Explor 2016;21(1):3–14. Chinese. 链接1

[ 3 ] Wang ZM. Formation mechanism and enrichment regularities of Kelasu subsalt deep large gas field in Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin. Nat Gas Geosci 2014;25(2):153–66. Chinese, URL: http://www.nggs.ac.cn/EN/10.11764/j.issn. 1672-1926.2014.02.153.

[ 4 ] Tissot BP, Welte DH. Petroleum formation and occurrence. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer Verlag; 1984. 链接1

[ 5 ] Dahl B, Speers GC. Geochemical characterization of a tar mat in the Oseberg Field Norwegian Sector, North Sea. Org Geochem 1986;10(1–3):547–58. 链接1

[ 6 ] Behar F, Vandenbroucke M, Teermann SC, Hatcher PG, Leblond C, Lerat O. Experimental simulation of gas generation from coals and a marine kerogen. Chem Geol 1995;126(3–4):247–60. 链接1

[ 7 ] Behar F, Vandenbroucke M, Tang Y, Marquis F, Espitalie J. Thermal cracking of kerogen in open and closed systems: determination of kinetic parameters and stoichiometric coefficients for oil and gas generation. Org Geochem 1997;26 (5–6):321–39. 链接1

[ 8 ] Qin JZ, Fu XD, Liu XC. Solid bitumens in the marine carbonate reservoir of gas field in the northeast area of the Sichuan Basin. Acta Geol Sin 2007;81 (08):1065–71. 1161. Chinese. 链接1

[ 9 ] Li HL, Shao ZB, He ZL. Hydrocarbon generation characteristics and potential of bitumen in the Tarim Basin. Pet Geol Exp 2009;31(04):373–8. Chinese. 链接1

[10] Burnham AK. A simple kinetic model of petroleum formation and cracking. Report. Livemore: Lawrence Livermore National Lab; 1989. Report No.: UCID- 21665. 链接1

[11] Guo XS, Hu DF, Huang RC, Duan JB, Ji CH. Developing mechanism for high quality reef reservoir (Changxing Formation) buried in ultra-depth in the big Yuanba gas field. Acta Petrol Sin 2017;33(4):1107–14. Chinese. 链接1

[12] Guo XS, Hu DF, Li YP, Duan JB, Ji CH, Duan H. Discovery and theoretical and technical innovations of Yuanba gas field in Sichuan Basin, SW China. Pet Explor Dev 2018;45(1):14–26. 链接1

[13] Zhang JZ, Wang ZM, Yang HJ, Xu Z, Xiao Z, Li Z. Origin and differential accumulation of hydrocarbons in Cambrian sub-salt dolomite reservoirs in Zhongshen Area, Tarim Basin, NW China. Pet Explor Dev 2017;44(1):40–7. Chinese. 链接1

[14] Sun NF, Guo FX. Natural gas identification under evaporite bed of Dabei– Kelasu tectonic belt. Compl Hydroc Reserv 2014;7(3):20–3. Chinese. 链接1

[15] Orr WL. Changes in sulfur content and isotopic ratios of sulfur during petroleum maturation—study of Big Horn Basin Paleozoic oils. AAPG Bull 1974;58(11):2295–318. 链接1

[16] Orr WL. Geologic and geochemical controls on the distribution of hydrogen sulfide in natural gas. Adv Org Geochem 1977:571–97. 链接1

[17] Krouse HR, Viau CA, Eliuk LS, Ueda A, Halas S. Chemical and isotopic evidence of thermochemical sulphate reduction by light hydrocarbon gases in deep carbonate reservoirs. Nature 1988;333(6172):415–9. 链接1

[18] Worden RH, Smalley PC, Oxtoby NH. The effects of thermochemical sulfate reduction upon formation water salinity and oxygen isotopes in carbonate reservoirs. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 1996;60(20):3925–31. 链接1

[19] Duan JB, Li PP, Chen D, Feng C. Formation and evolution of the reef flat facies lithologic gas reservoir of Changxing Formation in Yuanba gas field, Sichuan Basin. Lith Res 2013;25(3):43–7. 91. Chinese. 链接1

[20] Tao MX, Xu YC, Han WG, Gao B, Ma JL, Wang WC. Active characteristics and accumulative effects of mantle-derived fluids in eastern china. Geotecton Metallog 2001;25(3):265–70. Chinese. 链接1

[21] Tissot BP, Welte DH. Petroleum formation and occurrence: a new approach to oil and gas exploration. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1978. p. 185–8. 链接1

[22] Zhang GY, Ma F, Liang YB, Zhao Z, Qin YQ, Liu XB, et al. Domain and theory– technology progress of global deep oil & gas exploration. Acta Petrolei Sinica 2015;36(09):1156–66. Chinese. 链接1

[23] Jia CZ, Pang XQ. Research processes and main development directions of deep hydrocarbon geological theories. Acta Petrolei Sinica 2015;36(12):1457–69. Chinese. 链接1

[24] Qi LX. Oil and gas breakthrough in ultra-deep Ordovician carbonate formations in Shuntuoguole Uplift, Tarim Basin. China Pet. Explor. 2016;21(03):38–51. Chinese. 链接1

[25] Zhu GY, Yang HJ, Su J, He K, Han JF, Gu LJ, et al. True exploration potential of marine oils in the Tarim Basin. Yanshi Xuebao 2012;28(3):1333–47. Chinese. 链接1

[26] Wang WY, Pang XQ, Wu LY, Chen DX, Huo ZP, Pang Y, et al. Pressure distribution features of deep and middle-shallow hydrocarbon reservoir in global oil and gas-bearing basins. Acta Petrolei Sinica 2015;S2(36):194–202. Chinese. 链接1

[27] Lu SF, Wang M, Wang YW, Xu LH, Xue HT, Li JJ. Comparison of simulation results from the closed and open experimental systems and its significance. Acta Sedimentol Sin 2006;24(02):282–8. Chinese. 链接1

[28] Ma YS. Geochemical characteristics and origin of natural gases from Puguang gas field on eastern Sichuan Basin. Nat Gas Geosci 2008;19(1):1–7. Chinese. 链接1

[29] Cao LY. The hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism of Dabei–Kelasu structural zone in Kuqa Depression [dissertation]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences; 2010. Chinese. 链接1

[30] Mao YK, Zhong DK, Neng Y, Zhang CW, Liu YL, Wang A, et al. Fluid inclusion characteristics and hydrocarbons accumulation of the Cretaceous reservoirs in Kuqa foreland thrust belt, Tarim Basin, Northwest China. J China U Min Techno 2015;44(6):1033–42. Chinese. 链接1

[31] Ehrenberg SN, Nadeau PH. Sandstone vs. carbonate petroleum reservoirs: a global perspective on porosity-depth and porosity-permeability relationships. AAPG Bull 2005;89(4):435–45. 链接1

[32] Heydari E. Porosity loss, fluid flow, and mass transfer in limestone reservoirs: application to the Upper Jurassic Smackover Formation, Mississippi. AAPG Bull 2000;84(1):100–18. 链接1

[33] Haile BG, Klausen TG, Czarniecka U, Xi K, Jahren J, Hellevang H. How are diagenesis and reservoir quality linked to depositional facies? A deltaic succession, Edgeøya, Svalbard. Mar Pet Geol 2018;92:519–46. 链接1

[34] Choquette PW, Pray LC. Geologic nomenclature and classification of porosity in sedimentary carbonates. AAPG Bull 1970;54(2):207–50. 链接1

[35] Kang YZ. Cases of discovery and exploration of marine fields in China (part 4): Tahe oilfield in Tarim Basin. Mar Orign Pet Geol 2005;10(4):31–8. Chinese. 链接1

[36] Feng JR, Gao ZY, Cui JG, Zhou CM. The exploration status and research advances of deep and ultra-deep clastic reservoirs. Adv Earth Sci 2016;31(7):718–36. Chinese. 链接1

[37] Chen Y, Wang CJ, Sun XF, Wang M, Han Y, Yan SY. Progress on mineral solubility and mechanism of dissolution secondary porosity forming in clastic reservoir. Bull Mineral Petrol Geochem 2015;34(4):830–6. Chinese. 链接1

[38] Surdam RC, Boese SW, Crossey LJ. Role of organic and inorganic reactions in development of secondary porosity in sandstones: abstract. AAPG Bull 1982;66(66):635. 链接1

[39] Druckman Y, Moore Jr CH. Late subsurface porosity in a Jurassic grainstone reservoir, Smackover Formation, Mt., Vernon field, southern Arkansas. In: Roehl PO, Choquette PW, editors. Carbonate petroleum reservoir. New York: Springer–Verlag; 1985. p. 371–83. 链接1

[40] Hill CA. H2S–related porosity and sulfuric acid oil-field karst. AAPG Mem 1995;37:301–5. 链接1

[41] Jin ZJ, Zhu DY, Hu WX, Zhang XF, Wang Y, Yan XB. Geological and geochemical signatures of hydrothermal activity and their influence on carbonate reservoir beds in the Tarim Basin. Acta Geol Sin 2006;80(2):245–53. Chinese. 链接1

[42] Warren J. Dolomite: occurrence, evolution and economically important associations. Earth-Sci Rev 2000;52(1–3):1–81. 链接1

[43] Zhang XF, Hu WX, Zhang JT. Critical problems for dolomite formation and dolomitization models. Geol Sci Tech Info 2006;25(5):32–40. Chinese. 链接1

[44] Zhang XF, Shi KB, Liu B, Yang YK, Wang JQ. Retention processes and porosity preservation in deep carbonate reservoirs. Geol Sci Tech Info 2014;33 (02):80–5. Chinese. 链接1

[45] Guo XS, Guo TL, Huang RC, Chen ZQ. Reservoir development characteristics and predication technologies of large Puguang–Yuanba gas field. Eng Sci 2010;12(10):82–90. Chinese. 链接1

[46] Yang GX, He ZH, Zhu X. Research on seismic acquisition methods for lower assemblage of marine strata in South China. Geophy Pros Petrol 2006;45 (1):158–68. Chinese. 链接1

[47] Sun YF. Core-log-seismic integration in hemipelagic marine sediments on the eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. ODP Sci Results 2000;168:21–35. 链接1

[48] Sun YF. Seismic signature of rock pore structure. Appl Geophys 2004;7 (1):42–8. 链接1

[49] El-Wazeer FA, Vizamora A, Hamedi AA, Al-Housam H, Abram P, Busman S. Integrating rock physics, seismic reservoir characterization and static modeling of carbonates: a case study from the UAE. In: Proceedings of the AAPG 2010 Middle East Geoscience Conference; 2010 March 7–10; Manama, Bahrain. Houten: EAGE Publications; 2010. 链接1

[50] Zhang HR, Sun YF, Dou QF, Zhang TT. Preliminary application of the frame flexibility factor in Puguang gas field. Oil Gas Geol 2012;33(6):877–82. Chinese. 链接1

[51] Yin ZW. Gas-water identification technologies for ultra deep reef reservoirs in the Yuanba gas field, Sichuan Basin. Nat Gas Idn 2014;34(5):66–70. Chinese. 链接1

[52] Lu SM, McMechan GA. Elastic impedance inversion of multichannel seismic data from unconsolidated sediments containing gas hydrate and free gas. Geophysics 2004;69(1):164–79 链接1

相关研究