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《工程(英文)》 >> 2019年 第5卷 第5期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.02.009

车辆舱室、外表面和机载电子设备的热管理概述

a Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
b Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
c Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA

收稿日期: 2018-11-01 修回日期: 2019-01-19 录用日期: 2019-02-25 发布日期: 2019-06-01

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摘要

减少车辆内部的热量积累并确保适当的车辆温度水平可以提高车辆的燃油经济性、行驶里程、可靠性、使用寿命、乘客舒适度和安全性。随着新技术、消费者需求、社会关注和政府法规的出现和发展,汽车热管理的改善仍然是关键。本文总结了汽车热管理技术和建模的最新进展,重点研究了三个关键领域:汽车舱室、电子设备和外部部件。所涵盖的有关舱室的主题包括减少热负荷和改善暖通空调(heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning, HVAC)系统的方法;以及窗户玻璃/着色和车辆表面处理方面的改善。讨论了关于电子设备的热管理,包括电池和绝缘栅双极晶体管(insulatedgate bipolar transistor, IGBT),以及采用热管、散热器、射流冲击、强制对流和相变材料的主动和被动降温方法。最后,在考虑阻力/摩擦力和环境影响的情况下,回顾了建立和增强车辆外部部件传热模型的工作。尽管我们在汽车热管理领域取得了一定的进步,但挑战仍然存在;本文对主要问题进行了概括,并提出了进一步研究的建议。

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