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《工程(英文)》 >> 2020年 第6卷 第5期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.01.006

甘油诱导的鼠李糖脂增强伯克霍尔德菌属C3中二苯并噻吩的生物降解

Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA

收稿日期: 2018-12-23 修回日期: 2019-05-20 录用日期: 2019-07-23 发布日期: 2020-01-25

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摘要

在高度城市化的地区,人为活动造成的污染损害了土地的完整性,减少了农业耕作的土壤利用率。二苯并噻吩(DBT)是一种城市地区常见的杂环芳香烃,常被用作污染物微生物转化研究的模型化合物。人体接触的可能性及其健康风险使DBT成为一种令人担忧的化学品,因此,需要对DBT进行环境管理。利用甘油刺激伯克霍尔德菌属C3(Burkholderia sp. C3),降解其中的DBT,内容涉及以下方面:①DBT的生物降解动力学;②细菌生长;③鼠李糖脂(RL)的生物合成;④RL分泌。在甘油与DBT最佳摩尔比的情况下,实验第1天,DBT的生物降解速率常数与单独使用DBT培养基相比提高了18倍,DBT的生物降解率提高了25%~30%。这种增长变化与细菌生长加快和RL生物合成反应的增强有关。蛋白质组学研究揭示了参与RL生物合成作用的上级和主要阶段的酶类。在增添了甘油和DBT的培养基中鉴定出了鼠李糖脂的同系物:Rha-C10-C10、Rha-Rha-C10-C10、Rha-Rha-C10-C12和Rha-Rha-C12-C12,然而,在不含甘油或添加了RL抑制剂的培养物中只鉴定出Rha-C12-C12。研究表明,甘油通过促进RL的合成和细菌的生长来促进DBT的生物降解。根据这些结果,值得进一步研究甘油对环境生物的刺激作用,以促进生物修复技术的发展和提高农业土壤的有效性。

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