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《工程(英文)》 >> 2020年 第6卷 第10期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.05.016

新冠病毒肺炎疫情期间口罩能否经热水泡灭毒后重复使用?

a State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
b Beijing Municipal Institute of Labour Protection, Beijing 100054, China
c Beijing Institute of Medical Device Testing, Beijing 101111, China

收稿日期: 2020-05-26 录用日期: 2020-05-29 发布日期: 2020-06-27

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摘要

新冠病毒肺炎疫情期间,口罩成为不可或缺的防控利器和战略物资。如何科学、安全、有效地重复 使用口罩,让每一只口罩发挥最大效能,数倍甚至十倍以上地提高防护口罩的有效使用时间,是疫情防控所急需解决的关键科技问题。我们提出了“口罩荷电再生重复使用”的技术方法,并开展了再生口罩性能评价。首先将使用后的口罩浸泡在56 °C以上热水中30 min进行消毒处理,随后采用普通家用电吹风机等对“失效”的口罩进行吹干荷电处理,使口罩可重新荷电而再生静电效应。 对市售的三类典型口罩(一次性医用口罩、医用外科口罩、KN95级防护口罩)进行“热水泡灭毒 +荷电再生”处理,实验证明其过滤层微观结构和口罩抗渗水性均无明显变化,再生口罩对非油性 颗粒物的过滤效率满足相关口罩指标要求。相关研究结果为新冠病毒肺炎疫情期间的口罩荷电再 生重复使用提供了参考。进一步研究了真人佩戴过程对不同初始性能的口罩的性能演变。浙江闰土股份有限公司在2月20日至3月30日期间应用“口罩荷电再生重复使用技术”,将原先每个员工每 日发放一个一次性医用口罩,改为每个员工每三日发放一个一次性医用口罩,节约口罩12.25万只, 降低了公司的口罩使用量,也确保了防疫工作的正常开展。本文基于真实佩戴口罩的研究,建立了基于荧光纳米颗粒渗透探伤的口罩检测新方法,为可重复使用口罩材料设计、结构优化和性能综合评价提供参考。

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