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《工程(英文)》 >> 2022年 第9卷 第2期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.02.016

基于纳米孔渗透获取盐度梯度能量发电的可行性研究

a Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
b Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
c Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA

收稿日期: 2020-09-22 修回日期: 2021-01-18 录用日期: 2021-02-06 发布日期: 2021-04-24

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摘要

随着具有离子选择性纳米通道的新型材料的研发,一种获取盐度梯度(蓝色)能量的新技术被提出,即纳米孔发电机(NPG)。在本研究中,我们对膜片尺度和组件尺度的NPG运行的实际性能进行了全面分析。结果表明,虽然NPG 膜片可以在理想条件下产生超高的功率密度,但由于浓度极化效应,实际运行中NPG膜片上产生的功率密度很难达到10 W·m−2。对于组件尺度的NPG运行,我们估算了功率密度和可提取比能(即使用单位总体积工作溶液可产生的能量),并基于浓度极化与高浓度溶液和低浓度溶液的混合程度之间的相互作用,阐明运行条件对这两个指标的影响。此外,我们还开发了一个用来评估NPG 系统可行性的模型框架。结果表明,对于使用海水与河水的NPG 系统,总可提取比能非常低(约0.1 kW·h·m−3),且受到系统运行能耗的影响(特别是海水和河水溶液的汲取与预处理能耗)。总的来说,NPG系统产生的净可提取比能(< 0.025 kW·h·m−3)和净功率密度(< 0.1 W·m−2)非常低。我们的研究重点指出了NPG在现实运行中存在极大的局限性,进而对NPG作为一种蓝色能量收集技术的可行性提出了质疑。

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