2020年 第7卷 第1期
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 >> 2020年 第7卷 第1期 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019293
Strategies to reduce nutrient pollution from manure management in China
. School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2UW, UK.. Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.. ADAS RSK, Boxworth, Cambridge, CB23 4NN, UK.. University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China.. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.. Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Devon, EX20 2LB, UK
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摘要
As the demand for livestock products continues to increase in China, so too does the challenge of managing increasing quantities of manure. Urgent action is needed to control point source (housing, storage and processing) and diffuse (field application) pollution and improve the utilization of manure nutrients and organic matter. Here, we review strategies to improve management at each stage of the manure management chain and at different scales. Many strategies require infrastructure investment, e.g., for containment of all manure fractions. Engineering solutions are needed to develop advanced composting systems with lower environmental footprints and design more efficient nutrient stripping technologies. At the field-scale, there is an urgent need to develop a manure nutrient recommendation system that accounts for the range of manure types, cropping systems, soils and climates throughout China. At the regional scale, coordinated planning is necessary to promote recoupling of livestock and cropping systems, and reduce nutrient accumulation in regions with little available landbank, while minimizing the risk of pollution swapping from one region to another. A range of stakeholders are needed to support the step change and innovation required to improve manure management, reduce reliance on inorganic fertilizers, and generate new business opportunities.
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