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《中国工程科学》 >> 2018年 第20卷 第5期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.004

农业面源污染现状及防控技术

1. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业农村部农业面源污染控制重点实验室,北京 100081;

2. 航天信息股份有限公司,北京 100195;

3. 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100081;

4. 浙江大学,杭州 310058; 5.. 农业农村部农村经济研究中心,北京 100810

资助项目 :中国工程院咨询项目“中国农业资源环境若干战略问题研究”(2016-ZD-10);农业部专项“生态环境保护专项”;中英牛顿基金项目(BB/N013484/1) 收稿日期: 2018-09-18 修回日期: 2018-09-26 发布日期: 2018-11-30

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摘要

农业面源污染是造成我国水环境污染的主要因素之一,具有随机性强、污染排放不固定、污染负荷变化大等特点,防治较点源污染更为困难,了解农业面源污染现状及其防控技术是进行面源污染治理的前提。本文概述了农业面源污染成因及其现状,指出种植业中肥料的不合理施用和规模化畜禽养殖排污是当前最重要的农业面源污染来源,较全面地介绍了种植业和畜禽养殖业中较为成熟的面源污染防控技术,提出“源头控制为主、过程阻控与末端治理相结合”是当前进行农业面源污染防控的主要途径,应因地制宜地采用相应的面源污染防控技术,实现环境效益、经济效益和社会效益的同步发展。

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