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《中国工程科学》 >> 2019年 第21卷 第4期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.04.019

中国与“一带一路”沿线典型国家贸易虚拟水分析

1. 东莞理工学院生态环境工程技术研发中心,东莞 523808;

2. 北京大学城市和环境科学学院,北京 100871;

3. 广东工业大学环境生态工程研究院,广州 510006

资助项目 :资助项目:中国工程院咨询项目“一带一路中我国城市生态系统健康诊断与提升战略研究”(2017-XY-23) 收稿日期: 2019-06-01 修回日期: 2019-06-13

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摘要

本文基于多区域投入产出分析方法,建立了全球多尺度嵌套模型及相应的环境卫星矩阵数据库,测算了中国对“一带一路”沿线典型国家商品和服务贸易的虚拟水量。总体来说,中国在与“一带一路”沿线典型国家进行贸易时,国内生产耗水量小于国内消费虚拟水,属于虚拟水的“国内消费、国外承担”模式,是虚拟水净进口国。俄罗斯和韩国是中国虚拟水的主要出口国家,印度和印度尼西亚是中国虚拟水的主要进口国。研究表明,中国沿海、内陆、东北、西北及西南地区的国内外出口贸易虚拟水依次减少,在贸易虚拟水足迹行业结构中,农林牧渔业是最大的虚拟水净出口部门,食品及烟草行业、建筑业、其他服务业是位于前三的虚拟水进口部门。

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