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《中国工程科学》 >> 2020年 第22卷 第1期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.01.011

社区共管与协调生态保护和可持续发展——基于秦巴山脉区域5 个典型案例的分析

清华大学建筑学院,北京100084

资助项目 :中国工程院咨询项目“秦巴山脉绿色循环发展战略研究(二期)”(2017-ZD-02) 收稿日期: 2019-12-03 修回日期: 2020-01-02

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摘要

社区共管是协调自然保护地生态保护和可持续发展的有效手段。本文通过分析社区共管典型案例的协调路径、成功经验和现状问题,旨在为秦巴山脉自然保护地社区共管机制提出优化建议。笔者通过文献调查、实地考察、专家访谈和比较研究的方法,分析了九寨沟、唐家河、朱鹮、太白山、白水江5 个自然保护区社区共管的典型案例。本研究从政府、市场和社会三个角度归纳出社区共管协调保护与发展关系的12 种方式,总结了四点成功经验(以政府力量为主导、以多元路径为基础、以区域特征为前提、以机制创新为突破)和四点现状问题(生态产业不健全、社区权能待提高、生态文化欠弘扬、政府支持不到位)。本文从公平与效率、集权与分权、公益与私益三个角度对社区共管进行了理论反思,并从国家、区域和自然保护地三个层面提出了完善秦巴山脉区域自然保护地社区共管机制的建议。

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