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《中国工程科学》 >> 2020年 第22卷 第1期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.01.019

微型模块化反应堆陆战场能源保障应用历程及启示

国防大学联合勤务学院,北京 100036

收稿日期: 2019-10-25 修回日期: 2019-12-05 发布日期: 2020-02-19

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摘要

微型模块化反应堆(vSMR)因其陆战场能源保障的重大潜力而成为军事强国的关注热点,具有机动灵活、供能迅速、成本优势明显、安全性高等特征。美军在伊拉克、阿富汗等战场出现了燃油消耗大、补给难、成本高、风险突出等问题,因此开始重新审视vSMR 的军事能源保障用途。本文从美国陆军发展vSMR 的历史过程入手,对当前具有代表性的vSMR方案进行了介绍;系统分析了基于vSMR 技术的移动反应堆电源(MNPP)在地面军事行动中的应用场景、使用方式、主要优势及挑战。研究提出,我国应积极开展vSMR 军事应用的发展论证工作,立足国情军情,探索其在固定营区、机动战场、海外行动等不同领域的应用模式;以军事需求为牵引,加强军地协同攻关,加速推进vSMR 技术的应用步伐。

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