2020年 第22卷 第2期
《中国工程科学》 >> 2020年 第22卷 第2期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.02.004
我国民生装备优化升级路径及对策研究
1. 中国工程院战略咨询中心，北京 100088；
2. 中国农业机械化科学研究院，北京 100083；
3. 中国轻工业发展研究中心，北京 100873；
4. 中国纺织机械协会，北京 100028；
5. 中关村医疗器械产业技术创新联盟，北京 100191
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摘要
民生装备是高端装备的重要组成部分，在国民经济发展中具有重要地位和作用。我国民生装备的国际竞争力和综合水平与国际先进水平相比存在一定差距，新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的出现进一步暴露出我国食品、纺织、医疗等民生装备发展存在严重短板，优化升级的迫切性突出。本文选取农业、食品、纺织、医疗这 4 个涉及国民经济基础命脉的民生装备领域，研究相关装备的发展现状并进行国内外比较分析，指出我国民生装备发展存在的问题及短板。研究提出，发展民生装备应以智能制造为主攻方向，研制具备数字化、网络化、智能化功能的装备，研发关键零部件、工业软件，推动民生装备企业实施数字化、网络化、智能化改造升级并与服务业深度融合。研究建议：国家统筹民生装备领域的扶持政策，开展大规模新一轮技术改造，建设行业技术创新服务公共平台，加强国产装备和工业软件的研发与应用，由此保障和推动民生装备的优化升级。
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