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《中国工程科学》 >> 2020年 第22卷 第4期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.04.021

基于比较分析的人工智能技术创新路径研究

1. 清华大学高技术实验室,北京 100084;

2. 清华大学社会科学学院,北京 100084

资助项目 :中国工程院咨询项目“广东军民融合发展战略研究”(2018-GD-5) 收稿日期: 2020-05-22 修回日期: 2020-07-06 发布日期: 2020-08-11

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摘要

人工智能(AI)技术已在经济社会发展和国防建设中获得广泛应用,但在灵活性、可解释性、鲁棒性和安全性等方面存在待改进提高之处,亟需加强研究以获得创新发展。本文在对 AI 技术和 AI 产业进行概念界定的基础上,运用比较分析的研究方法,选取核能、光伏技术与 AI 技术在基础理论、技术发展和技术市场应用方面展开比较分析,进而探索 AI 技术发展创新的普遍规律和有效路径。研究发现, AI 技术的发展模式将由“内卷式”转向“演化式”发展;融合式发展是 AI 技术创新的优选路径,可通过民用研究成果直接转化为军用、军民协同创新、军用需求牵引民用需求的“三步走”发展路线来实现。针对 AI 技术深度融合发展的目标,研究提出了构建新型研发机构、加大资金支持力度、重视人才队伍建设、开展伦理研究等对策建议。

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