《中国工程科学》 >> 2021年 第23卷 第3期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.03.022
西部地区油气资源开发与水资源协同发展模式探索
1. 中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京 100038;
2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083;
3. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探与生产分公司,北京 100027
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摘要
西部地区是我国油气增储上产的重要区域,也是我国最干旱、最缺水的地区,能源– 水资源之间存在复杂的纽带关系,加强能源– 水资源领域的协同管理至关重要。本文在宏观研判我国西部地区油气生产前景和布局的基础上,以中国石油位于西部地区的7 家油气田企业为例,调研不同类型油气田开发模式与用水现状,分析油气田开发过程中的水资源、水环境保障风险。研究表明,近年来西部地区油气产量稳步增加,随着污水回收处理和循环利用效率的不断提升,油气田新鲜水用量变化不大。但考虑到非常规油气资源的逐步开发,未来西部地区油气开发很可能对区域地表和地下水系统带来诸多影响。建议发展精准注水和无水压裂技术实现稳油控水,加大油气田生产水的循环利用和科学用水管理,完善水资源综合配置保障体系,在提升能源产业用水安全保证程度的同时全方位降低油气开发对水系统的影响,以实现西部地区能源与水资源协同安全。
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