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《中国工程科学》 >> 2022年 第24卷 第6期 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.07.003

食品中环境新污染物危害管控研究

1. 南京大学环境学院,南京 210023;

2. 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京 210023;

资助项目 :中国工程院咨询项目“食品营养与健康战略研究”(2021-XBZD-04) 收稿日期: 2022-02-18 修回日期: 2022-04-15 发布日期: 2022-06-01

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摘要

环境新污染物的涌现给我国食品安全保障带来了全新挑战,亟需对其进行系统研究。本文梳理了蔬菜、水果、谷物、肉 类、水产类、蛋奶等主要食品中抗生素、内分泌干扰物(EDCs)、全氟化合物(PFCs)、微塑料(MPs)四大类新污染物的赋 存现状、危害特征及来源。研究发现,喹诺酮类抗生素在水产品、蔬菜、牛奶等食品中的检出率较高,主要来源于农兽药的使 用;EDCs中的双酚A在罐头食品、水产品中的检出率较高,壬基酚多检出于水产品中,两者主要来源于食品包装析出;PFCs 在水产品、畜禽肉、蛋类食品中的检出率较高,污水处理厂输送及食品包装析出是其主要来源;MPs在水产品中具有极高的检 出率,主要由受污染的环境介质输入。建议将更多类型的环境新污染物纳入食品安全监控范围,系统规划新污染物关联化学品 的科学使用规则,制定多管理部门联合管控机制,从而积极应对环境新污染物带来的食品安全挑战,切实保障我国食品安全。

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