某大型商贸中心的人员疏散性能化分析
中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥 230027
下一篇 上一篇
摘要
新型建筑不断涌现使得火灾安全性能化设计被广泛应用,人员疏散是其中的关键环节。结合某大型商贸中心的火灾安全性能化设计方案,利用CAFE模型分析了人员疏散性能。结果表明,由于该模型量化了人员疏散过程中人与人、人与环境之间的作用力,因此计算得到的人员疏散时间比同类软件更加保守,分析结果具有更高的可靠性。
参考文献
[ 1 ] 范维澄, 孙金华, 陆守香.火灾风险评估方法学[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004 链接1
[ 2 ] HelbingD, FarkasI, VicsekT.Simulatingdynamical featuresofescapepanic[J].Nature, 2000, 407:487~490
[ 3 ] HelbingD, KeltschJ, MolnarP.Modellingthe evolutionofhumantrailsystems[J].Nature, 1997, 388:47~50
[ 4 ] HelbingD, MolnarP.Socialforcemodelforpedestrian dynamics[J].PhysRevE, 1995, 51:4282~4286
[ 5 ] HelbingD, SchweitzerF, KeltschJ, MolnarP.Activewalkermodelfortheformationofhumanand animaltrailsystems[J].PhysRevE, 1997, 56:2527~2539
[ 6 ] MuramatsuM, NagataniT.Jammingtransitionin two dimensionalpedestriantraffic[J].PhysicaA, 2000, 275:281~291
[ 7 ] MuramatsuM, NagataniT.Jammingtransitionof pedestriantrafficatacrossingwithopenboundaries[J].PhysicaA, 2000, 286:377~390
[ 8 ] TajimaY, NagataniT.Scalingbehaviorofcrowdflow outsideahall[J].PhysicaA, 2001, 292:545~554
[ 9 ] TajimaY, TakimotoK, NagataniT.Scalingof pedestrianchannelflowwithabottleneck[J].Physica A, 2001, 294:257~268
[10] TajimaY, NagataniT.Cloggingtransitionof pedestrianflowinT shapedchannel[J].PhysicaA, 2002, 303:239~250
[11] NagataniT.Jammingtransitioninthetraffic flow modelwith2levelcrossings[J].PhysRevE, 1993, 48:3290~3294
[12] NagataniT.Jammingtransitioninatwo dimensional trafficflowmodel[J].PhysRevE, 1999, 59:4857~4864
[13] NagataniT.Dynamicaltransitionandscalingina mean fieldmodelofpedestrianflowatabottleneck[J].PhysicaA, 2001, 300:558~566
[14] ChenTao, SongWeiguo, FanWeicheng, etal.Jammingtransitionofpedestrianevacuatingflowin crossingexit[A].InHuangP, WangY, LiS, Qian X, eds.ProgressinSafetyScienceandTechnology[C].Beijing:SciencePress, 2002, III:507~512
[15] HelbingD, IsobeM, etal.Latticegassimulationof experimentallystudiedevacuationdynamics[J].PhysicalReviewE, 2003, 67:067101
[16] BursteddeC, KlauckK, etal.Simulationof pedestriandynamicsusingatwo dimensionalcellular automaton[J].PhysicaA, 2001, 295:507~525
[17] KirchnerA, SchadschneiderA.Simulationof evacuationprocessusingabionics inspiredcellular automatonmodelforpedestriandynamics[J].Physica A, 2002, 312:260~276
[18] KirchnerA, NishinariKandSchadschneiderA.Frictioneffectsandclogginginacellularautomaton modelforpedestriandynamics[J].PhysicalReviewE, 2003, 67:056112
[19] Pauls, J.Effectivewidthmodelforcrowdevacuation[A].In:Templer, J, Ed.TheStaircase, MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology[C].Cambridge, MA, 1992
[20] ProulxG.Evacuationtimeandmovementin apartmentbuilding[J].FireSafetyJournal, 1995, 24:229~246