计算管内湍动流体摩擦因数的显式新方程
福州大学化学化工学院,福州 350002
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摘要
管内湍动流体摩擦因数是雷诺数和相对粗糙度的二元非线性函数,由Colebrook隐式方程计算摩擦因数要用迭代的方法求解,很不方便。为了得到形式简单、精度高的计算摩擦因数的显式方程,提出了二元非线性多项式智能拟合法。该法将二元非线性多项式转化成多元线性多项式并建立线性最小二乘法标准矩阵,用遗传算法结合矩阵法对多项式的项数、项型式项指数及项系数进行搜索得到最优的拟合函数式。用该法拟合了Colebrook方程解的数据,得到一个计算管内湍动流体摩擦因数的显式新方程。在雷诺数3.000≤Re≤108、相对粗糙度0≤e/d≤0.05的范围内,该方程计算结果与Colebrook方程的平均偏差为0.5%,最大偏差不超过1.8%,与实验数据偏差为2.3%。新方程具有形式简单、精度高、适用范围广的优点,且便于简化成光滑管或阻力平方区等情况下的计算摩擦因数的方程。
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