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Impact of energy structure adjustment on air quality: a case study in Beijing, China

Bin ZHAO, Jiayu XU, Jiming HAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 378-390 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0357-8

摘要： Energy consumption is a major cause of air pollution in Beijing, and the adjustment of the energy structure is of strategic importance to the reduction of carbon intensity and the improvement of air quality. In this paper, we explored the future trend of energy structure adjustment in Beijing till 2020, designed five energy scenarios focusing on the fuel substitution in power plants and heating sectors, established emission inventories, and utilized the Mesoscale Modeling System Generation 5 (MM5) and the Models-3/Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) to evaluate the impact of these measures on air quality. By implementing this systematic energy structure adjustment, the emissions of PM , PM , SO , NO , and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) will decrease distinctly by 34.0%, 53.2%, 78.3%, 47.0%, and 30.6% respectively in the most coal-intensive scenario of 2020 compared with 2005. Correspondingly, MM5-Models-3/CMAQ simulations indicate significant reduction in the concentrations of major pollutants, implying that energy structure adjustment can play an important role in improving Beijing’s air quality. By fuel substitution for power plants and heating boilers, PM , PM , SO , NO , and NMVOCs will be reduced further, but slightly by 1.7%, 4.5%, 11.4%, 13.5%, and 8.8% respectively in the least coal-intensive scenario. The air quality impacts of different scenarios in 2020 resemble each other, indicating that the potential of air quality improvement due to structure adjustment in power plants and heating sectors is limited. However, the CO emission is 10.0% lower in the least coal-intensive scenario than in the most coal-intensive one, contributing to Beijing’s ambition to build a low carbon city. Except for energy structure adjustment, it is necessary to take further measures to ensure the attainment of air quality standards.

关键词： Beijing energy structure adjustment air quality Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) scenario

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Target the neglected VOCs emission from iron and steel industry in China for air quality improvement

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1695-z

摘要：

● Haze formation in China is highly correlated with iron and steel industry.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Iron and steel industry Air quality Sinter flue gas emission

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Impact of anthropogenic heat emissions on meteorological parameters and air quality in Beijing using

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1478-3

摘要：

The Large scale Urban Consumption of energ Y model was updated and coupled with WRF.

关键词： Anthropogenic heat emissions LUCY High-resolution Meteorological parameters Air quality

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Development of an integrated policy making tool for assessing air quality and human health benefits ofair pollution control

Xuezhen QIU,Yun ZHU,Carey JANG,Che-Jen LIN,Shuxiao WANG,Joshua FU,Junping XIE,Jiandong WANG,Dian DING,Shicheng LONG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第6期页码 1056-1065 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0796-8

摘要： Efficient air quality management is critical to protect public health from the adverse impacts of air pollution. To evaluate the effectiveness of air pollution control strategies, the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has developed the Software for Model Attainment Test-Community Edition (SMAT-CE) to assess the air quality attainment of emission reductions, and the Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program-Community Edition (BenMAP-CE) to evaluate the health and economic benefits of air quality improvement respectively. Since scientific decision-making requires timely and coherent information, developing the linkage between SMAT-CE and BenMAP-CE into an integrated assessment platform is desirable. To address this need, a new module linking SMAT-CE to BenMAP-CE has been developed and tested. The new module streamlines the assessment of air quality and human health benefits for a proposed air pollution control strategy. It also implements an optimized data gridding algorithm which significantly enhances the computational efficiency without compromising accuracy. The performance of the integrated software package is demonstrated through a case study that evaluates the air quality and associated economic benefits of a national-level control strategy of PM . The results of the case study show that the proposed emission reduction reduces the number of nonattainment sites from 379 to 25 based on the US National Ambient Air Quality Standards, leading to more than US$334 billion of economic benefits annually from improved public health. The integration of the science-based software tools in this study enhances the efficiency of developing effective and optimized emission control strategies for policy makers.

关键词： air quality assessment human health benefit economic benefit air quality attainment assessment air pollution control strategy decision support system

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Combining innovative science and policy to improve air quality in cities with refining and chemicals

David T. Allen

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 293-304 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1660-0

摘要： In Houston, a combination of urban emissions from a city of 4 million people, coupled with emissions from extensive petroleum refining and chemical manufacturing, leads to conditions for photochemistry that are unique in the United States, and historically, the city had experienced some of the highest ozone concentrations recorded in the United States. Large air quality field studies (the Texas Air Quality Studies or TexAQS I and II) were conducted to determine root causes of the high ozone concentrations. Hundreds of air quality investigators, from around the world, deployed instruments on aircraft, on ships, and at fixed ground sites to make extensive air quality measurements; detailed photochemical modeling was used to interpret and assess the implications of the measurements. The Texas Air Quality Studies revealed that both continuous and episodic emissions of light alkenes, which came to be called highly reactive volatile organic compounds, played a critical role in the formation of ozone and other photochemical oxidants in the region. Understanding and quantifying the role of these emissions in regional air quality required innovations in characterizing emissions and in photochemical modeling. Reducing emissions required innovative policy approaches. These coupled scientific and policy innovations are described, and the result, substantially cleaner air for Houston, is documented. The lessons learned from the Houston air quality experience are relevant to cities with similar population and industrial profiles around the world.

关键词： ozone air quality highly reactive volatile organic compounds Houston

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Analysis and prediction of the influence of energy utilization on air quality in Beijing

LI Lin, HAO Jiming, HU Jingnan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 339-344 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0058-5

摘要： This work evaluates the influence of energy consumption on the future air quality in Beijing, using 2000 as the base year and 2008 as the target year. It establishes the emission inventory of primary PM, SO and NO related to energy utilization in eight areas of Beijing. The air quality model was adopted to simulate the temporal and spatial distribution of each pollutant concentration in the eight urban areas. Their emission, concentration distribution, and sectoral share responsibility rate were analyzed, and air quality in 2008 was predicted. The industrial sector contributed above 40% of primary PM and SO resulting from energy consumption, while vehicles accounted for about 65% of NO. According to the current policy and development trend, air quality in the eight urban areas could become better in 2008 when the average concentrations of primary PM, SO and NO related to energy utilization at each monitored site are predicted to be about 25, 50 and 51 μg/m, respectively.

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A building-based data capture and data mining technique for air quality assessment

Ni SHENG, U Wa TANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 543-551 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0369-4

摘要： Recently, a building-based air quality model system which can predict air quality in front of individual buildings along both sides of a road has been developed. Using the Macau Peninsula as a case study, this paper shows the advantages of building-based model system in data capture and data mining. Compared with the traditional grid-based model systems with input/output spatial resolutions of 1–2 km, the building-based approach can extract the street configuration and traffic data building by building and therefore, can capture the complex spatial variation of traffic emission, urban geometry, and air pollution. The non-homogeneous distribution of air pollution in the Macau Peninsula was modeled in a high-spatial resolution of 319 receptors·km . The spatial relationship among air quality, traffic flow, and urban geometry in the historic urban area is investigated. The study shows that the building-based approach may open an innovative methodology in data mining of urban spatial data for environmental assessment. The results are particularly useful to urban planners when they need to consider the influences of urban form on street environment.

关键词： traffic air pollution spatial distribution high resolution geographic information system

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空调房间的空气品质及其控制研究

邹声华,李强,于梅春,杨景华

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第3期页码 82-86

摘要：

以典型的空调房间为例，分析了新风和回风对室内空气品质的影响。研究表明室内污染源的不断增加是室内空气品质恶化的主要原因，新风的质量直接影响室内空气品质，回风是室内空气的二次污染源。导出了新风和回风对室内空气污染的理论计算公式，通过仿真表明：基于室内空气中典型的有害气体体积分数（以CO₂为代表）的变化来控制新风量，是非常有效的。

关键词：室内空气品质污染物体积分数新风量控制仿真

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Air quality improvement in Los Angeles—Perspectives for developing cities

David D. Parrish,Jin Xu,Bart Croes,Min Shao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0859-5

摘要： Air quality improvement in Los Angeles can inform air quality policies in developing cities. Emission control efforts, their results, costs and health benefits are briefly summarized. Today's developing cities face new challenges including regional pollution. Air quality issues in Beijing are briefly compared and contrasted with Los Angeles. Opportunities for co-benefits for climate and air quality improvement are identified. Air quality improvement in Los Angeles, California is reviewed with an emphasis on aspects that may inform air quality policy formulation in developing cities. In the mid-twentieth century the air quality in Los Angeles was degraded to an extent comparable to the worst found in developing cities today; ozone exceeded 600 ppb and annual average particulate matter <10 mm reached ~150 mg·m . Today's air quality is much better due to very effective emission controls; e.g., modern automobiles emit about 1% of the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide emitted by vehicles of 50 years ago. An overview is given of the emission control efforts in Los Angeles and their impact on ambient concentrations of primary and secondary pollutants; the costs and health benefits of these controls are briefly summarized. Today's developing cities have new challenges that are discussed: the effects of regional pollution transport are much greater in countries with very high population densities; often very large current populations must be supplied with goods and services even while economic development and air quality concerns are addressed; and many of currently developing cities are located in or close to the tropics where photochemical processing of pollution is expected to be more rapid than at higher latitudes. The air quality issues of Beijing are briefly compared and contrasted with those of Los Angeles, and the opportunities for co-benefits for climate and air quality improvement are pointed out.

关键词： Air pollution Ozone Particulate matter Control technology

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The impacts of economic restructuring and technology upgrade on air quality and human health in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

Chao Liu, Hancheng Dai, Lin Zhang, Changchun Feng

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1155-y

摘要： Impacts of industrial restructuring and upgrade on air quality & health are assessed. An integrated approach combining different models is used for the assessment. Industrial technology upgrading is more effective than economic restructuring. Ozone is much more difficult to mitigate than PM2.5. In this study, we have analyzed possible policy options to improve the air quality in an industrialized region—Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei (BTH) in China. A comprehensive model framework integrating GAINS-China, GEOS-Chem, and IMED/HEL is established to investigate the impacts of various policies on air pollution and health effects. The model establishes a data interface between economic input/output data and the emission inventory of atmospheric pollutants in the BTH region. Based on in-depth analyses of pollutant emission standards, industrial structure, pollution-intensive industries, and emission intensities in BTH and Pearl River Delta, several scenarios are constructed to explore the effectiveness of policy pathways in improving air quality in the BTH region. These scenarios include two categories: the category of “Industrial Technology Upgrade Policy” scenarios that focuses on reducing the emission intensity of industries vs. that of “Industrial Structure Adjustment Policy” scenarios that focuses on adjusting the proportion of industrial value-added. Our results show that the policy path of industrial technology upgrading can be effective and feasible, while economic structure adjustment shows complex and mixed effectiveness. We also find that the proposed policies and measures will be efficient to reduce pollution of primary pollutants and fine particles, but may not effectively mitigate ambient ozone pollution. Ozone pollution is projected to become increasingly severe in BTH, placing a challenge to pollution mitigation strategies that requires further adjustments to address it.

关键词： Economic restructuring Cleaner production Ambient air pollution Health benefits IMED model

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Review on the applications of Tropospheric Emissions Spectrometer to air-quality research: Perspectives

Yuxuan WANG, Yuqiang ZHANG, Jiming HAO,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 12-19 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0012-9

摘要： The Tropospheric Emissions Spectrometer (TES) aboard the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA’s) Aura satellite launched in July 2004 is the first satellite instrument to provide simultaneous retrievals of ozone (O) and carbon monoxide (CO) throughout the Earth’s lower atmosphere. This paper briefly reviews the TES instrument, the retrieval of O and CO profiles, and the validation of the retrievals. The applications of TES O and CO products include mapping the vertical and horizontal distribution of tropospheric O and CO and their correlations, examining the regional and continental outflow, and analyzing the variability of the two species associated with certain weather and climatic conditions, such as El Niño and the Asian monsoon. TES retrievals of O and CO offer an important new source of satellite data over China with good spatial and temporal coverage that can provide evaluation and constraints on the performance of chemical transport models in simulating the general features of ozone pollution over China. Special observations have been conducted and requests may be submitted to the TES team to make geographically focused observations of O and CO over China.

关键词： Tropospheric Emissions Spectrometer (TES) ozone carbon monoxide China

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An assessment of the potential health benefits of realizing the goals for PM

Guoxia MA,Jinnan WANG,Fang YU,Yanshen ZHANG,Dong CAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第2期页码 288-298 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0738-x

摘要： As a response to the severe air quality problems in China, the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2012 issued an updated (GB3095-2012), which set a stricter grade II PM standard. A successful implementation of this standard will have an impact on human health through reduction of exposure to air pollution in the population. Using the methods of adjusted human capital and value of statistical life, the authors in this article estimate the economic impact of a successful implementation of the updated on human health in China. The key results are: 1) The human health benefits from reaching the updated standard for PM would equal CNY 51.1 billion using adjusted human capital, accounting for 18.5% of total human health costs in China, and CNY 83.5 billion using the value of a statistical life; 2) the benefit of reaching the updated standard for PM is highest in the east coastal areas and gradually declines for more Western provinces; and 3) the marginal benefit of public health increases as the environmental quality standard PM improves. If the annual concentration of PM were to be reduced from the target number in the original grade II standard to that in the updated standard, the mortality rate of long-term exposure would be reduced by 6.5% due to reduced chronic exposure. In addition, if the annual concentration were to be reduced further from updated grade II to grade I standard, the mortality rate for long-term exposure would be lowered by 32.8%.

关键词： air quality health benefit Ambient Air Quality Standard PM₁₀ China

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Evaluation of the influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on air quality in southern China from long-term

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1460-0

摘要：

•Strong ENSO influence on AOD is found in southern China region.

关键词： El Niño–Southern Oscillation Aerosol concentration Aerosol particle size Contribution separation Decadal trend Southern China

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Simulating the air flow in the conveying pipe of the foreign fiber detection device

Ting CHEN, Lili WU, Ke WANG,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 275-279 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0274-6

摘要： Cotton bales are frequently intermingled with foreign fibers which will interfere in the process of spinning, weaving and dyeing and will worsen the product quality. Nowadays, cotton fibers are sorted manually in most of the cotton textile mills with very low efficiency. There is a great demand for foreign fiber detection devices in Chinese cotton textile mills. The air flow in the conveying pipe of the device has an important effect on the image acquisition, image analysis and removal of foreign fibers. As a primary effort, the air flow in the conveying pipe of the foreign fiber detection device was simulated numerically. The effects of the inlet air velocity on the air turbulence intensity and air velocity along the detecting section were studied.

关键词： product quality Chinese process turbulence intensity primary

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Impact of photocatalytic remediation of pollutants on urban air quality

Christian GEORGE, Anne BEELDENS, Fotios BARMPAS, Jean-François DOUSSIN, Giuseppe MANGANELLI, Hartmut HERRMANN, Jörg KLEFFMANN, Abdelwahid MELLOUKI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0834-1

摘要： Air pollution remediation using photocatalytic construction materials was tested. NO and VOC uptake rates on different materials were measured in the laboratory. Effective NO and VOC abatement levels were tested under real conditions. Recommendations for implementation of photocatalytic materials are provided. In the recent years, photocatalytic self-cleaning and “depolluting” materials have been suggested as a remediation technology mainly for NO and aromatic VOCs in urban areas. A number of products incorporating the aforementioned technology have been made commercially available with the aim to improve urban air quality. These commercial products are based on the photocatalytic properties of a thin layer of TiO at the surface of the material (such as glass, pavement, etc.) or embedded in paints or concrete. The use of TiO photocatalysts as an emerging air pollution control technology has been reported in many locations worldwide. However, up to now, the effectiveness measured in situ and the expected positive impact on air quality of this relatively new technology has only been demonstrated in a limited manner. Assessing and demonstrating the effectiveness of these depolluting techniques in real scale applications aims to create a real added value, in terms of policy making (i.e., implementing air quality strategies) and economics (by providing a demonstration of the actual performance of a new technique).

关键词： Photocatalysis Air pollution Depollution efficiency NO_x VOC Air quality abatement and management

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标题作者时间类型操作

Impact of energy structure adjustment on air quality: a case study in Beijing, China

Bin ZHAO, Jiayu XU, Jiming HAO

期刊论文

Target the neglected VOCs emission from iron and steel industry in China for air quality improvement

期刊论文

Impact of anthropogenic heat emissions on meteorological parameters and air quality in Beijing using

期刊论文

Development of an integrated policy making tool for assessing air quality and human health benefits ofair pollution control

Xuezhen QIU,Yun ZHU,Carey JANG,Che-Jen LIN,Shuxiao WANG,Joshua FU,Junping XIE,Jiandong WANG,Dian DING,Shicheng LONG

期刊论文

Combining innovative science and policy to improve air quality in cities with refining and chemicals

David T. Allen

期刊论文

Analysis and prediction of the influence of energy utilization on air quality in Beijing

LI Lin, HAO Jiming, HU Jingnan

期刊论文

A building-based data capture and data mining technique for air quality assessment

Ni SHENG, U Wa TANG

期刊论文

空调房间的空气品质及其控制研究

邹声华,李强,于梅春,杨景华

期刊论文

Air quality improvement in Los Angeles—Perspectives for developing cities

David D. Parrish,Jin Xu,Bart Croes,Min Shao

期刊论文

The impacts of economic restructuring and technology upgrade on air quality and human health in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

Chao Liu, Hancheng Dai, Lin Zhang, Changchun Feng

期刊论文

Review on the applications of Tropospheric Emissions Spectrometer to air-quality research: Perspectives

Yuxuan WANG, Yuqiang ZHANG, Jiming HAO,

期刊论文

An assessment of the potential health benefits of realizing the goals for PM

Guoxia MA,Jinnan WANG,Fang YU,Yanshen ZHANG,Dong CAO

期刊论文

Evaluation of the influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on air quality in southern China from long-term

期刊论文

Simulating the air flow in the conveying pipe of the foreign fiber detection device

Ting CHEN, Lili WU, Ke WANG,

期刊论文

Impact of photocatalytic remediation of pollutants on urban air quality

Christian GEORGE, Anne BEELDENS, Fotios BARMPAS, Jean-François DOUSSIN, Giuseppe MANGANELLI, Hartmut HERRMANN, Jörg KLEFFMANN, Abdelwahid MELLOUKI

期刊论文

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