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大气降水 1

学术创新 1

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核农学 1

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δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1414-6

摘要：

• Challenges in sampling of NH3 sources for d15N analysis are highlighted.

关键词： Aerosol ammonium     Atmospheric gaseous ammonia     Isotope fingerprinting     Isotope-based source apportionment     Ammonia gas-to-particle conversion    

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biostimulated by ethanol during uranium (VI) bioremediation in contaminated sediment as shown by stable isotope

Mary Beth LEIGH,Wei-Min WU,Erick CARDENAS,Ondrej UHLIK,Sue CARROLL,Terry GENTRY,Terence L. MARSH,Jizhong ZHOU,Philip JARDINE,Craig S. CRIDDLE,James M. TIEDJE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 453-464 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0721-6

摘要： Stable isotope probing (SIP) was used to identify microbes stimulated by ethanol addition in microcosms containing two sediments collected from the bioremediation test zone at the US Department of Energy Oak Ridge site, TN, USA. One sample was highly bioreduced with ethanol while another was less reduced. Microcosms with the respective sediments were amended with C labeled ethanol and incubated for 7 days for SIP. Ethanol was rapidly converted to acetate within 24 h accompanied with the reduction of nitrate and sulfate. The accumulation of acetate persisted beyond the 7 d period. Aqueous U did not decline in the microcosm with the reduced sediment due to desorption of U but continuously declined in the less reduced sample. Microbial growth and concomitant C-DNA production was detected when ethanol was exhausted and abundant acetate had accumulated in both microcosms. This coincided with U(VI) reduction in the less reduced sample. C originating from ethanol was ultimately utilized for growth, either directly or indirectly, by the dominant microbial community members within 7 days of incubation. The microbial community was comprised predominantly of known denitrifiers, sulfate-reducing bacteria and iron (III) reducing bacteria including , , , and others, including the known U(VI)-reducing bacteria A , and The findings suggest that ethanol biostimulates the U(VI)-reducing microbial community by first serving as an electron donor for nitrate, sulfate, iron (III) and U(VI) reduction, and acetate which then functions as electron donor for U(VI) reduction and carbon source for microbial growth.

关键词： Stable isotope probing (SIP)     ethanol     acetate     uranium reduction     sediment     bioremediation    

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Determination of 27 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water: The benefit of isotope

Xueqi Fan, Jie Gao, Wenchao Li, Jun Huang, Gang Yu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1187-3

摘要： • Isotope dilution method was developed for the determination of 27 PPCPs in water. • The established method was successfully applied to different types of water samples. • The correction effect of corresponding 27 ILSs over 70 d was investigated. • Benefit of isotopic dilution method was illustrated for three examples. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are a unique group of emerging and non-persistent contaminants. In this study, 27 PPCPs in various water samples were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE), and determined by isotope dilution method using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem triple quadruple mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). A total of 27 isotopically labeled standards (ILSs) were applied to correct the concentration of PPCPs in spiked ultrapure water, drinking water, river, effluent and influent sewage. The corrected recoveries were 73%–122% with the relative standard deviation (RSD)<16%, except for acetaminophen. The matrix effect for all kinds of water samples was<22% and the method quantitation limits (MQLs) were 0.45–8.6 ng/L. The developed method was successfully applied on environmental water samples. The SPE extracts of spiked ultrapure water, drinking water, river and wastewater effluent were stored for 70 days, and the ILSs-corrected recoveries of 27 PPCPs were obtained to evaluate the correction ability of ILSs in the presence of variety interferences. The recoveries of 27 PPCPs over 70 days were within the scope of 72%–140% with the recovery variation<37% in all cases. The isotope dilution method seems to be of benefit when the extract has to be stored for long time before the instrument analysis.

关键词： Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs)     Isotopically labeled standard (ILSs)     Water     Solid-phase extraction (SPE)     LC-MS/MS    

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环境同位素示踪方法研究新安江右坝肩绕坝渗流

陈建生,刘建刚,董海洲,陈亮

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第1期   页码 57-63

摘要：

通过分析新安江右坝区环境水中的同位素2H，18O，3H以及温度与电导分布，研究新安江右坝存在的绕坝渗流场。环境同位素数据证实了右坝肩基岩中存在着绕坝渗漏，排水廊道中的排水既有边坡降雨入渗，又有库水的绕坝肩补给，排水廊道扇形孔中的渗水完全来自于绕坝肩的库水渗漏。3E1-1扬压力升高的原因是由于F0断层渗漏造成的结果，但6坝段和7坝段下部的F1断层基本上不存在渗漏,灌浆廊道G7-4排水孔中渗水中的3H高达19.54TU，证实该渗漏水来自坝后区的降雨补给。右坝肩观测孔R3和R6等孔中发现绕坝库水成分，环境同位素数据同时证实了人工示踪方法得到的结论。

关键词： 环境同位素     绕坝渗流     大气降水     水库    

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Microbial community structure in different wastewater treatment processes characterized by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique

ZHAO Yangguo, WANG Aijie, REN Nanqi, ZHAO Yan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 116-121 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0018-8

摘要： In order to investigate microbial community structures in different wastewater treatment processes and understand the relationship between the structures and the status of processes, the microbial community diversity, variety and distribution in five wastewater treatment pro cesses were studied by a culture-independent genetic fingerprinting technique single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). The five processes included denitrifying and phosphate-removal system (diminished N), Chinese traditional medicine wastewater treatment system (P), beer wastewater treatment system (W), fermentative biohydrogen-producing system (H), and sulfate-reduction system (S). The results indicated that the microbial community profiles in the wastewater bioreactors with the uniform status were very similar. The diversity of microbial populations was correlated with the complexity of organic contaminants in wastewater. Chinese traditional medicine wastewater contained more complex organic components; hence, the population diversity was higher than that of simple nutrient bioreactors fed with molasses wastewater. Compared with the strain bands in a simulated community, the relative proportion of some functional microbial populations in bioreactors was not dominant. Fermentative biohydrogen producer in the better condition bioreactor had only a 5% band density, and the sp. in the sulfate-reducing bioreactor had less than 1.5% band density. The SSCP profiles could identify the difference in microbial community structures in wastewater treatment processes, monitor some of the functional microbes in these processes, and consequently provide useful guidance for improving their efficiency.

关键词： technique single-strand     proportion     bioreactor     community diversity     fingerprinting technique    

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关于核农学创新的几点思考

王志东,高美须

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第1期   页码 86-90

摘要：

文章简要介绍了我国核农学在诱变育种、核素示踪技术应用、食品辐照和辐射不育技术防治害虫等方面的研究成果和目前存在的主要问题，以及解决问题途径的思考与建议。文章认为我国的核农学正处在能否继续深入发展的关键时期，迫切需要通过加强学术创新和机制创新来提升我国核农学的发展速度与研究水平。文章强调我国核农学开展学术创新的重点应该是加强基础研究与应用基础研究，而支撑这个创新的关键点在于管理机制的创新。

关键词： 核农学     诱变育种     核素示踪技术应用     食品辐照     昆虫不育     学术创新     机制创新    

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Spin polarization strategy to deploy proton resource over atomic-level metal sites for highly selective CO electrolysis

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1772-1781 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2197-4

摘要： Unlocking of the extremely inert C=O bond during electrochemical CO2 reduction demands subtle regulation on a key “resource”, protons, necessary for intermediate conversion but also readily trapped in water splitting, which is still challenging for developing efficient single-atom catalysts limited by their structural simplicity usually incompetent to handle this task. Incorporation of extra functional units should be viable. Herein, a proton deployment strategy is demonstrated via “atomic and nanostructured iron (A/N-Fe) pairs”, comprising atomically dispersed iron active centers spin-polarized by nanostructured iron carbide ferromagnets, to boost the critical protonation steps. The as-designed catalyst displays a broad window (300 mV) for CO selectivity > 90% (98% maximum), even outperforming numerous cutting-edge M–N–C systems. The well-placed control of proton dynamics by A/N-Fe can promote *COOH/*CO formation and simultaneously suppress H2 evolution, benefiting from the magnetic-proximity-induced exchange splitting (spin polarization) that properly adjusts energy levels of the Fe sites’ d-shells, and further those of the adsorbed intermediates’ antibonding molecular orbitals.

关键词： CO2 electrolysis     single-atom catalysts     spin polarization     proton dynamics     in situ IR spectroscopy     kinetic isotope effect    

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Nitrogen pollution and source identification of urban ecosystem surface water in Beijing

Yufen REN, Zhiwei XU, Xinyu ZHANG, Xiaoke WANG, Xiaomin SUN, D. J. BALLANTINE, Shengzhong WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 106-116 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0474-z

摘要： Nitrogen contamination of surface water is a worldwide environmental problem with intensive agriculture and high population densities. We assessed the spatial and seasonal variation in concentrations of total nitrogen and different nitrogen species present in surface-water in Beijing, China. Also, chemical ( ) and isotopic ( ) indicators were used to identify nitrate sources. The results showed that, during 2009 and 2010, nitrate nitrogen concentrations ranged from 0.7 to 7.6 mg·L , ammonium nitrogen from 0.1 to 3.4 mg·L , and total nitrogen from 2.4 to 17.0 mg·L . Inorganic nitrogen accounted for between 60 and 100% of total nitrogen at the ten monitoring sites. Nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and total nitrogen concentrations at the 2 downstream monitoring sites in south-eastern Beijing were significantly higher than those at the other eight upstream monitoring sites ( <0.01). Examination of seasonal variation showed that there was a significant inverse relationship between nitrate nitrogen concentrations and precipitation, and that nitrate nitrogen concentrations peaked in the dry seasons. The information given by the values and nitrate nitrogen concentrations, combined with the ratio distribution, showed that domestic sewage was the major source of nitrate in Beijing. Methods to control and reduce sewage pollution are urgently needed to help manage surface water quality in Beijing.

关键词： nitrogen concentration     spatial and seasonal variation     stable nitrogen isotope     urban ecosystem     source    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source

期刊论文

biostimulated by ethanol during uranium (VI) bioremediation in contaminated sediment as shown by stable isotope

Mary Beth LEIGH,Wei-Min WU,Erick CARDENAS,Ondrej UHLIK,Sue CARROLL,Terry GENTRY,Terence L. MARSH,Jizhong ZHOU,Philip JARDINE,Craig S. CRIDDLE,James M. TIEDJE

期刊论文

Determination of 27 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water: The benefit of isotope

Xueqi Fan, Jie Gao, Wenchao Li, Jun Huang, Gang Yu

期刊论文

环境同位素示踪方法研究新安江右坝肩绕坝渗流

陈建生,刘建刚,董海洲,陈亮

期刊论文

Microbial community structure in different wastewater treatment processes characterized by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique

ZHAO Yangguo, WANG Aijie, REN Nanqi, ZHAO Yan

期刊论文

关于核农学创新的几点思考

王志东,高美须

期刊论文

Spin polarization strategy to deploy proton resource over atomic-level metal sites for highly selective CO electrolysis

期刊论文

Nitrogen pollution and source identification of urban ecosystem surface water in Beijing

Yufen REN, Zhiwei XU, Xinyu ZHANG, Xiaoke WANG, Xiaomin SUN, D. J. BALLANTINE, Shengzhong WANG

期刊论文