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Spatiotemporal variation in water footprint of grain production in China

Pute WU,Yubao WANG,Xining ZHAO,Shikun SUN,Jiming JIN

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 186-193 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015060

摘要: Water shortage has become a significant constraint to grain production in China. A more holistic approach is needed to understand the links between grain production and water consumption. Water footprint provides a framework to assess water utilization in agriculture production. This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal variation in water footprint of grain production (WFGP) in China from 1951 to 2010. The results show that, jointly motivated by the improvement of agricultural production and water use efficiency, WFGP in all areas showed a decreasing trend. National average WFGP has decreased from 3.38 to 1.31 m ·kg . Due to regional differences in agricultural production and water use efficiency, spatial distribution of WFGP varies significantly and its pattern has changed through time. Moreover, WFGP may show significant differences within areas of similar climatic conditions and agricultural practices, indicating that there is a strong need to improve the management of water use technology. Statistical analysis revealed that regional differences in grain yield are the main cause for variations in spatiotemporal WFGP. However, the scope for further increases in grain yield is limited, and thus, the future goal of reducing WFGP is to decrease the water use per unit area.

关键词: water footprint     grain production     grain secu- rity     water scarcity     water-saving    

WATER USE IN HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF A PERPETUAL SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGE

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 512-524 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2021393

摘要:

Settlement patterns and social structures have been shaped by access to water since the onset of human societies. This review covers historical and recent examples from Cambodia, Central Asia, India, Latin America and the Arabian Peninsula to analyze the role of water resources in determining the rise and collapse of civilizations. Over recent decades increasing globalization and concomitant possibilities to externalize water needs as virtual water have obscured global dependence on water resources via telecoupling, but rapid urbanization brings it now back to the political agenda. It is foremost in the urban arena of poorer countries where competing claims for water increasingly lead to scale-transcendent conflicts about ecosystem services. Solutions to the dilemma will require broad stakeholder-based agreements on water use taking into account the available data on water resources, their current and potential use efficiency, recycling of water after effective treatment, and social-ecological approaches of improved governance and conflict resolution.

 

关键词: agroecology     historical water use     water footprint     water governance     urbanization    

The effect of different agricultural management practices on irrigation efficiency, water use efficiencyand green and blue water footprint

La ZHUO, Arjen Y. HOEKSTRA

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 185-194 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017149

摘要: This paper explores the effect of varying agricultural management practices on different water efficiency indicators: irrigation efficiency (IE), crop water use efficiency (WUE), and green and blue water footprint (WF). We take winter wheat in an experimental field in Northern China as a case study and consider a dry, average and wet year. We conducted 24 modeling experiments with the AquaCrop model, for all possible combinations of four irrigation techniques, two irrigation strategies and three mulching methods. Results show that deficit irrigation most effectively improved blue water use, by increasing IE (by 5%) and reducing blue WF (by 38%), however with an average 9% yield reduction. Organic or synthetic mulching practices improved WUE (by 4% and 10%, respectively) and reduced blue WF (by 8% and 17%, respectively), with the same yield level. Drip and subsurface drip irrigation improved IE and WUE, but drip irrigation had a relatively large blue WF. Improvements in one water efficiency indicator may cause a decline in another. In particular, WUE can be improved by more irrigation at the cost of the blue WF. Furthermore, increasing IE, for instance by installing drip irrigation, does not necessarily reduce the blue WF.

关键词: field management     irrigation efficiency     water footprint     water productivity     water use efficiency    

WATER USE IN HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF A PERPETUAL SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGE

Andreas BUERKERT, Kotiganahalli Narayanagowda GANESHAIAH, Stefan SIEBERT

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 512-524 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021393

摘要: Since the onset of human societies, settlement patterns and social structures have been shaped by access to water. This review covers historical and recent examples from Cambodia, Central Asia, India, Latin America and the Arabian Peninsula to analyze the role of water resources in determining the rise and collapse of civilizations. Over recent decades increasing globalization and concomitant possibilities to externalize water needs as have obscured global dependence on water resources via telecoupling, but rapid urbanization brings it now back to the political agenda. It is foremost in the urban arena of poorer countries where competing claims for water increasingly lead to scale-transcendent conflicts about ecosystem services. Solutions to the dilemma will require broad stakeholder-based agreements on water use taking into account the available data on water resources, their current and potential use efficiency, recycling of water after effective treatment, and social-ecological approaches of improved governance and conflict resolution.

关键词: agroecology     historical water use     water footprint     water governance     urbanization    

Reducing the environmental footprint of food and farming with Agriculture Green Development

William J. DAVIES, Jianbo SHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第1期   页码 1-4 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019311

Lifecycle carbon footprint and cost assessment for coal-to-liquid coupled with carbon capture, storage

《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 412-427 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0879-3

摘要: The coal-to-liquid coupled with carbon capture, utilization, and storage technology has the potential to reduce CO2 emissions, but its carbon footprint and cost assessment are still insufficient. In this paper, coal mining to oil production is taken as a life cycle to evaluate the carbon footprint and levelized costs of direct-coal-to-liquid and indirect-coal-to-liquid coupled with the carbon capture utilization and storage technology under three scenarios: non capture, process capture, process and public capture throughout the life cycle. The results show that, first, the coupling carbon capture utilization and storage technology can reduce CO2 footprint by 28%–57% from 5.91 t CO2/t·oil of direct-coal-to-liquid and 24%–49% from 7.10 t CO2/t·oil of indirect-coal-to-liquid. Next, the levelized cost of direct-coal-to-liquid is 648–1027 $/t of oil, whereas that of indirect-coal-to-liquid is 653–1065 $/t of oil. When coupled with the carbon capture utilization and storage technology, the levelized cost of direct-coal-to-liquid is 285–1364 $/t of oil, compared to 1101–9793 $/t of oil for indirect-coal-to-liquid. Finally, sensitivity analysis shows that CO2 transportation distance has the greatest impact on carbon footprint, while coal price and initial investment cost significantly affect the levelized cost of coal-to-liquid.

关键词: coal-to-liquid     carbon capture     utilization and storage (CCUS)     carbon footprint     levelized cost of liquid     lifecycle assessment    

science really help us to produce more better-quality food while reducing the world-wide environmental footprint

William J. DAVIES, Susan E. WARD, Alan WILSON

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第1期   页码 28-44 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019299

摘要:

This paper reviews recent developments in crop science that can be the basis of a revolution in the global food system but it is also emphasized that such a revolution requires more than changes in food production and supply. We must more effectively feed a growing global population with a healthy diet while also defining and delivering the kinds of sustainable food systems that will minimise damage to our planet. There are exciting new developments in crop production biology but much existing crop science can be exploited to increase yields with the aid of a knowledge exchange (KE) framework requiring the use of new technology now available to most people across the globe. We discuss novel approaches at both the plant and the crop level that will enhance nutrient and water productivity and we also outline ways in which energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be reduced and labor shortages combatted. Exploitation of new biology and new engineering opportunities will require development of public-private partnerships and collaborations across the disciplines to allow us to move effectively from discovery science to practical application. It is also important that consumers contribute to the debate over proposed changes to food and farming and so effective KE mechanisms are required between all relevant communities.

关键词: food security     environmental sustainability     crop water use efficiency     crop science     diet and health    

Carbon footprint assessment for the waste management sector: A comparative analysis of China and Japan

Lu SUN, Zhaoling LI, Minoru FUJII, Yasuaki HIJIOKA, Tsuyoshi FUJITA

《能源前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 400-410 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0565-z

摘要:

Waste management is becoming a crucial issue in modern society owing to rapid urbanization and the increasing generation of municipal solid waste (MSW). This paper evaluates the carbon footprint of the waste management sector to identify direct and indirect carbon emissions, waste recycling carbon emission using a hybrid life cycle assessment and input-output analysis. China and Japan was selected as case study areas to highlight the effects of different industries on waste management. The results show that the life cycle carbon footprints for waste treatment are 59.01 million tons in China and 7.01 million tons in Japan. The gap between these footprints is caused by the different waste management systems and treatment processes used in the two countries. For indirect carbon footprints, China’s material carbon footprint and depreciation carbon footprint are much higher than those of Japan, whereas the purchased electricity and heat carbon footprint in China is half that of Japan. China and Japan have similar direct energy consumption carbon footprints. However, CO2 emissions from MSW treatment processes in China (46.46 million tons) is significantly higher than that in Japan (2.72 million tons). The corresponding effects of waste recycling on CO2 emission reductions are considerable, up to 181.37 million tons for China and 96.76 million tons for Japan. Besides, measures were further proposed for optimizing waste management systems in the two countries. In addition, it is argued that the advanced experience that developed countries have in waste management issues can provide scientific support for waste treatment in developing countries such as China.

关键词: waste management     waste recycling     carbon footprint     hybrid LCA    

中国与“一带一路”沿线典型国家贸易虚拟水分析

孟凡鑫 ,夏昕鸣 ,胡元超 ,杨志峰

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第4期   页码 92-99 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.04.019

摘要:

本文基于多区域投入产出分析方法,建立了全球多尺度嵌套模型及相应的环境卫星矩阵数据库,测算了中国对“一带一路”沿线典型国家商品和服务贸易的虚拟水量。总体来说,中国在与“一带一路”沿线典型国家进行贸易时,国内生产耗水量小于国内消费虚拟水,属于虚拟水的“国内消费、国外承担”模式,是虚拟水净进口国。俄罗斯和韩国是中国虚拟水的主要出口国家,印度和印度尼西亚是中国虚拟水的主要进口国。研究表明,中国沿海、内陆、东北、西北及西南地区的国内外出口贸易虚拟水依次减少,在贸易虚拟水足迹行业结构中,农林牧渔业是最大的虚拟水净出口部门,食品及烟草行业、建筑业、其他服务业是位于前三的虚拟水进口部门。

关键词: 投入产出分析     虚拟水足迹     进出口贸易     “一带一路”    

LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY MANURE MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CARBON NEUTRALITY IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第3期   页码 341-362 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023509

摘要:

● Carbon reduction potential of manure treatment technologies was summarized.

关键词: valorization of animal manure     manure management     carbon emission     carbon footprint     methodology     carbon trading    

多尺度作物种植结构优化及其伴生效应分析 Article

刘琦, 牛俊, 杜太生, 康绍忠

《工程(英文)》 2023年 第28卷 第9期   页码 139-152 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.03.012

摘要:

在农业可持续发展理念的推动下,作物种植结构优化已成为减少区域作物耗水、保障粮食安全和保护生态环境的有效措施。然而,传统的作物种植结构优化(CPSO)往往忽视了对区域粮食供需关系和省际间粮食贸易结构的影响。本研究运用系统分析的思想,以虚拟水贸易为衔接点,提出了一个基于多尺度、全方位评价指标体系的CPSO理论框架,并加以应用。构建了SWAT-WF的水足迹模拟模块,以模拟区域作物生产的水足迹(WF)数量与组分。建立了以最大化区域经济水生产力(EWP)、最小化蓝水依赖度(BWFrate)和最小化灰水足迹(GWFgray)为目标的多目标空间CPSO模型,以实现区域种植结构的最优种植布局。结合多层次效益指标,构建了基于地区、省份和国家尺度的全面评价指标体系。通过熵权-TOPSIS综合评价模型,实现多种CPSO方案的优选。以中国甘肃省内的黑河流域中上游地区为研究案例,验证本文提出的理论框架,结合虚拟水贸易与系统分析理论为黑河流域确定了最优作物种植结构。优化结果以牺牲一定程度经济效益为代价,显著提高了区域水资源效益和生态效益。

关键词: 种植结构优化     多尺度评价指标体系     水足迹     SWAT-WF模块     省际间粮食贸易     熵权-TOPSIS法    

The calculation of equivalence factor for ecological footprints in China: a methodological note

Moucheng LIU,Wenhua LI,Dan ZAHNG,Ning SU

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第6期   页码 1015-1024 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0670-0

摘要: The Ecological Footprint (EF), a physical indicator to measure the extent of humanity’s use of natural resources, has gained much attention since it was first used by Wackernagel and Rees in 1996. In order to appraise land area types with different levels of productivity, they introduced the concept of an equivalence factor. This relates to the average primary biomass productivities of different types of land (i.e. arable land, pasture, forest, water/fishery, built-up land and fossil energy land) to the regional average primary biomass productivity of all land types in a given year. Hence, the equivalence factor is an important parameter in the EF model and it directly affects the reliability of all results. Thus, this article calculates equivalence factors on the national and provincial levels in China based on Net Primary Production (NPP) from MODIS 1 km data in 2008. Firstly, based on the Light Utility Efficiency and CASA model, the NPP of different biologically productive lands of China and of different provinces was calculated. Secondly, China’s equivalence factor for 6 land area types was calculated based on NPP: arable land and built-up land has an equivalence factor of 1.71, forest and fossil energy land has a factor of 1.41, pasture has a factor of 0.44 and water/fishery 0.35; Finally, the equivalence factor of 6 land area types in different provinces was also calculated. The NPP of each ecosystem type varies along with the equivalence factor in different provinces. However, the ranking of the equivalence factors in different provinces remain the same, with that of arable land being the largest, and the water/fishery being the smallest.

关键词: ecological footprint     equivalence factor     net primary production     biological capacity     land types    

Process synthesis with simultaneous consideration of inherent safety-inherent risk footprint

Andreja Nemet, Jiří J. Klemeš, Zdravko Kravanja

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 745-762 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1779-7

摘要:

Process plants should be designed to be economically viable and environmentally friendly, while also being operable and maintainable during process implementation. The safety of processes is among the most important considerations in obtaining results that are more acceptably realistic, as it is linked to the availability and reliability of the process. Inherent safety can effectively be enhanced in the early stages of the design, when the main decisions on process design are made. The aim of this study is to enhance and select the appropriate risk assessment method and to incorporate it into process synthesis, using a mathematical programming approach. A mixed-integer, nonlinear programming (MINLP) model was used for the synthesis of a methanol production process, considering risk assessment during the synthesis. Risk assessment is performed simultaneously with the MINLP process synthesis, where the risk is determined either for the whole process as overall risk, or on a per unit-of-a-product basis. For the latter, a new measurement is proposed: the inherent risk footprint. The results of a case study led to two main conclusions: (i) Significantly safer designs can be obtained at negligible economic expense, and (ii) at higher production capacities, a lower inherent risk footprint can be achieved. The results also indicate that designs obtained using this method can have significantly increased inherent safety, while remaining economically viable.

关键词: inherent safety     process design     simultaneous risk assessment     risk footprint     methanol process    

Decision Support System for Evaluating Impact of Product Carbon Labeling Scheme

Xu Dong-ling,Foster Chris,Hu Ying,Yang Jian-bo

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第1期   页码 89-104 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014015

摘要: In this paper a decision support system for systematically evaluating the impact of labeling products with their carbon footprints is developed and applied to prioritize products for carbon labeling in a large supermarket chain in the UK. Carbon labels may change consumers' behavior and encourage suppliers to implement carbon-reduction solutions. Those changes may, however, lead to unintended risks. To handle the challenges of uncertainties in the evaluation, the Evidential Reasoning approach and the Intelligent Decision System software for multi-criteria decision analysis are applied to support the process. The system developed can be applied to assessing the impact of sustainable development policies to maximize their benefits and minimize their risks.

关键词: impact assessment     multiple criteria decision analysis     risk analysis     carbon footprint     decision support system     product carbon labeling    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Spatiotemporal variation in water footprint of grain production in China

Pute WU,Yubao WANG,Xining ZHAO,Shikun SUN,Jiming JIN

期刊论文

WATER USE IN HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF A PERPETUAL SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGE

期刊论文

The effect of different agricultural management practices on irrigation efficiency, water use efficiencyand green and blue water footprint

La ZHUO, Arjen Y. HOEKSTRA

期刊论文

WATER USE IN HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS OF A PERPETUAL SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGE

Andreas BUERKERT, Kotiganahalli Narayanagowda GANESHAIAH, Stefan SIEBERT

期刊论文

Reducing the environmental footprint of food and farming with Agriculture Green Development

William J. DAVIES, Jianbo SHEN

期刊论文

Lifecycle carbon footprint and cost assessment for coal-to-liquid coupled with carbon capture, storage

期刊论文

science really help us to produce more better-quality food while reducing the world-wide environmental footprint

William J. DAVIES, Susan E. WARD, Alan WILSON

期刊论文

Carbon footprint assessment for the waste management sector: A comparative analysis of China and Japan

Lu SUN, Zhaoling LI, Minoru FUJII, Yasuaki HIJIOKA, Tsuyoshi FUJITA

期刊论文

中国与“一带一路”沿线典型国家贸易虚拟水分析

孟凡鑫 ,夏昕鸣 ,胡元超 ,杨志峰

期刊论文

LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY MANURE MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CARBON NEUTRALITY IN CHINA

期刊论文

多尺度作物种植结构优化及其伴生效应分析

刘琦, 牛俊, 杜太生, 康绍忠

期刊论文

The calculation of equivalence factor for ecological footprints in China: a methodological note

Moucheng LIU,Wenhua LI,Dan ZAHNG,Ning SU

期刊论文

Process synthesis with simultaneous consideration of inherent safety-inherent risk footprint

Andreja Nemet, Jiří J. Klemeš, Zdravko Kravanja

期刊论文

Decision Support System for Evaluating Impact of Product Carbon Labeling Scheme

Xu Dong-ling,Foster Chris,Hu Ying,Yang Jian-bo

期刊论文

巨晓洁:用于水处理和水检测的新型功能材料(2022年4月16日)

2022年06月09日

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