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Observation of black carbon aerosol in Beijing, 2003

LOU Shujuan, MAO Jietai, WANG Meihua

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 345-349 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0059-4

摘要： The objective of this study was to determine the black carbon concentration in Beijing in 2003. The aerosol properties were measured using an Aethalometer and a tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) on the roof of the Physics Building of Peking University (39.99º N, 116.31º E) from July to August 2003 and from November 2003 to January 2004. The average black carbon (BC) concentrations in the summer and winter were 8.80 and 11.4 μg/m, respectively. During winter, two different cyclone cut offs were installed at the inlet of an aethalometer. The BC mass concentration in TSP, PM, and PM were obtained. The results indicated that in winter aerosol, 90% of BC exited in PM and 82.6% of BC exited in PM. The BC in PM accounted for 5.11% of the PM mass.

关键词： carbon concentration     Beijing     tapered element     August     aethalometer    

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Key technological innovations in the construction of the main terminal of Beijing Daxing International

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第4期   页码 689-694 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0223-3

关键词： Beijing Daxing International Airport     main terminal     architectural technology innovation    

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北京奥运催生我国第一条高速铁路

沈志云

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第8期   页码 4-11

摘要：

论述了北京奥运会催生我国第一条高速铁路的重大意义。介绍了轨道交通的优势和高速铁路关键技术。京津城际高速铁路的建成标志着我国高速铁路时代已经到来。今后5年的京沪高速铁路建设是一场占领世界高速铁路技术高地的攻坚战。在今后10～15年中，我们要建成总长达18 000　km的高速铁路网。

关键词： 北京奥运     京津城际轨道交通     京沪高速铁路    

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Modeling and simulation of industrial water demand of Beijing municipality in China

Shouke WEI, Shafi Noor ISLAM, Alin LEI,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 91-101 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0007-6

摘要： Statistic and econometric regression models were established in this study to analyze and predict industrial water demand, water deficits, and their future uncertainty in Beijing—a Chinese city with a severe water stress problem. A forecasting model was selected based on a modeling evaluation by comparing predictions with observations. Four scenarios were designed to simulate and analyze the future uncertainty of industrial water demand and the water deficit of Beijing. The modeling results for industrial water demand suggested that Beijing industry would face a water deficit between 3.06 × 10 min 2008 and 2.77 × 10 m in 2015, though its industrial water demand would decrease from 6.31× 10 m to 4.84 × 10 m during this period of time. Results from simulated scenario illustrated that, due to the extreme water scarcity situation, industry in Beijing would still face a serious water deficit problem even with a very optimistic scenario for the future.

关键词： water scarcity     water demand     water deficit     modeling     industry     scenario     Beijing    

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Impact of energy structure adjustment on air quality: a case study in Beijing, China

Bin ZHAO, Jiayu XU, Jiming HAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 378-390 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0357-8

摘要： Energy consumption is a major cause of air pollution in Beijing, and the adjustment of the energy structure is of strategic importance to the reduction of carbon intensity and the improvement of air quality. In this paper, we explored the future trend of energy structure adjustment in Beijing till 2020, designed five energy scenarios focusing on the fuel substitution in power plants and heating sectors, established emission inventories, and utilized the Mesoscale Modeling System Generation 5 (MM5) and the Models-3/Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) to evaluate the impact of these measures on air quality. By implementing this systematic energy structure adjustment, the emissions of PM , PM , SO , NO , and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) will decrease distinctly by 34.0%, 53.2%, 78.3%, 47.0%, and 30.6% respectively in the most coal-intensive scenario of 2020 compared with 2005. Correspondingly, MM5-Models-3/CMAQ simulations indicate significant reduction in the concentrations of major pollutants, implying that energy structure adjustment can play an important role in improving Beijing’s air quality. By fuel substitution for power plants and heating boilers, PM , PM , SO , NO , and NMVOCs will be reduced further, but slightly by 1.7%, 4.5%, 11.4%, 13.5%, and 8.8% respectively in the least coal-intensive scenario. The air quality impacts of different scenarios in 2020 resemble each other, indicating that the potential of air quality improvement due to structure adjustment in power plants and heating sectors is limited. However, the CO emission is 10.0% lower in the least coal-intensive scenario than in the most coal-intensive one, contributing to Beijing’s ambition to build a low carbon city. Except for energy structure adjustment, it is necessary to take further measures to ensure the attainment of air quality standards.

关键词： Beijing     energy structure adjustment     air quality     Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ)     scenario    

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Hydraulic model for multi-sources reclaimed water pipe network based on EPANET and its applications in Beijing

JIA Haifeng, WEI Wei, XIN Kunlun

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 57-62 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0013-0

摘要： Water shortage is one of the major water related problems for many cities in the world. The planning for utilization of reclaimed water has been or would be drafted in these cities. For using the reclaimed water soundly, Beijing planned to build a large scale reclaimed water pipe networks with multi-sources. In order to support the plan, the integrated hydraulic model of planning pipe network was developed based on EPANET supported by geographic information system (GIS). The complicated pipe network was divided into four weak conjunction subzones according to the distribution of reclaimed water plants and the elevation. It could provide a better solution for the problem of overhigh pressure in several regions of the network. Through the scenarios analysis in different subzones, some of the initial diameter of pipes in the network was adjusted. At last the pipe network planning scheme of reclaimed water was proposed. The proposed planning scheme could reach the balances between reclaimed water requirements and reclaimed water supplies, and provided a scientific basis for the reclaimed water utilization in Beijing. Now the scheme had been adopted by Beijing municipal government.

关键词： diameter     Beijing municipal     reclaimed     planning     elevation    

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speciation and anthropogenic sources of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during summer in Beijing

LU Sihua, LIU Ying, SHAO Min, HUANG Shan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 147-152 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0026-0

摘要： Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured at six sites in Beijing in August, 2004. Up to 148 VOC species, including C to C alkanes, C to C alkenes, C to C aromatics, and halogenated hydrocarbons, were quantified. Although the concentrations differed at the sites, the chemical compositions were similar, except for the Tongzhou site where aromatics were significantly high in the air. Based on the source profiles measured from previous studies, the source apportionment of ambient VOCs was preformed by deploying the chemical mass balance (CMB) model. The results show that urban VOCs are predominant from mobile source emissions, which contribute more than 50% of the VOCs (in mass concentrations) to ambient air at most sites. Other important sources are gasoline evaporation, painting, and solvents. The exception is at the Tongzhou site where vehicle exhaust, painting, and solvents have about equal contribution, around 35% of the ambient VOC concentration. As the receptor model is not valid for deriving the sources of reactive species, such as isoprene and 1,3-butadiene, other methodologies need to be further explored.

关键词： Beijing     exception     gasoline evaporation     August     exhaust    

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Evaluation of ecosystem health for regional development in the southwestern Beijing, China

LIU Xuehua, ZHANG Shuang, XU Haoyang, SHAO Xiaoming

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 311-317 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0047-3

摘要： Ecosystem health assessment is one of the most important issues in regional ecological quality and safety studies. It also has a great significance to ecological conservation and regional development. This study focused on assessing the health status of forest, agriculture and urban ecosystems in the southwestern Beijing, China, including the Fangshan and Fengtai Districts. Based on field surveys and data collection, an assessment index system containing the vigor, organization and resilience factors was developed to measure the ecosystem health. Each index was scored from 1 to 5, representing five levels that contribute to the whole ecosystem health. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method was used to measure the weights of each index and three factors, and thus an overall score for a certain ecosystem was calculated. The results show that the forest ecosystem in the Fangshan District had higher health value than the Fengtai District, while the urban ecosystem had a slightly lower value in the Fangshan District than the Fengtai District. Both districts show lower resilience values in forest and urban ecosystems. Maintaining the ecosystem health will definitely benefit the long-term development of two districts. This study suggested that an approach for assessing the regional ecosystem health could be further developed to address spatial and synergy relationships between ecosystems and the three health factors.

关键词： hierarchy process     regional ecosystem     synergy     agriculture     resilience    

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Land use/cover change effects on floods with different return periods: a case study of Beijing, China

Yueling WANG, Xiaoliu YANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第5期   页码 769-776 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0542-z

摘要： In this study, an approach integrating digital land use/cover change (LUCC) analysis, hydraulic modeling and statistical methods was applied to quantify the effect of LUCC on floods in terms of inundation extent, flood arrival time and maximum water depth. The study took Beijing as an example and analyzed five specific floods with return periods of 20-year, 50-year, 100-year, 1000-year and 10000-year on the basis of LUCC over a nine-year period from 1996 to 2004. The analysis reveals that 1) during the period of analysis Beijing experienced unprecedented LUCC; 2) LUCC can affect inundation extent and flood arrival time, and floods with longer return periods are more influenced; 3) LUCC can affect maximum water depth and floods with shorter return periods are more influenced; and 4) LUCC is a major flood security stressor for Beijing. It warns that those cities having experienced rapid expansion during recent decades in China are in danger of more serious floods and recommends that their actual land use patterns should be carefully assessed considering flood security. This integrated approach is demonstrated to be a useful tool for joint assessment, planning and management of land and water.

关键词： inundation extent     flood arrival time     maximum water depth     shallow flow model    

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Efficiency evaluation of government investment for air pollution control in city clusters: A case from the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 612-624 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0269-x

摘要： Air pollution poses a significant threat to human health, particularly in urban areas with high levels of industrial activities. In China, the government plays a crucial role in managing air quality through the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan. The government provides direct financial support and guides the investment direction of social funds to improve air quality. While government investment has led to improvements in air quality across China, concerns remain regarding the efficiency of such large-scale investments. To address this concern, we conducted a study using a three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA)-Malmquist model to assess the efficiency of government investment in improving air quality in China. Our analysis revealed regional disparities and annual dynamic changes. Specifically, we focused on the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei areas as a case study, as the investment primarily targeted industrial activities in urban areas with the goal of improving living conditions for urban residents. The results demonstrate significant differences in investment efficiency between regions. Beijing exhibits relatively high investment efficiency, while cities in Hebei Province require improvement. We identified scale inefficiency, which refers to the ratio of air pollutant reduction to financial investment, as the main factor contributing to regional disparities. However, we found that increasing the total investment scale can help mitigate this effect. Furthermore, our study observed positive but fluctuating annual changes in investment efficiency within this city cluster from 2014 to 2018. Investment-combined technical efficiency, which represents the investment strategy, is the main obstacle to improving yearly investment efficiency. Therefore, in addition to promoting investment strategies at the individual city level, it is crucial to enhance coordination and cooperation among cities to improve the investment efficiency of the entire city cluster. Evaluating the efficiency of government investment and understanding its influencing factors can guide future investment measures and directions. This knowledge can also support policymaking for other projects involving substantial investments.

关键词： investment efficiency     government investment     air pollution control     three-stage DEA-Malmquist model    

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Local and regional contributions to PM in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics infrastructure areas during

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1434-2

摘要：

• Regional transportation contributed more than local emissions during haze episodes.

关键词： 2022 Winter Olympics     PM2.5     Source apportionment    

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Less attention paid to waterborne SARS-CoV-2 spreading in Beijing urban communities

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1398-2

摘要：

• A survey on individual’s perception of SARS-CoV-2 transmission was conducted.

关键词： Environmental dissemination     Risk communication     Individual perception    

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FACTORS INFLUENCING FOOD-WASTE BEHAVIORS AT UNIVERSITY CANTEENS IN BEIJING, CHINA: AN INVESTIGATION BASED

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第1期   页码 83-94 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022472

摘要：

● Investigate the actual situation of food waste at university canteens in Beijing, China.

关键词： university students     food waste behavior     theory of planned behavior     university canteen    

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Long-term exposure to air pollution and cerebrovascular disease: findings from Beijing Health Management

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1684-2

摘要：

● This study explored the long-term association by double robust additive models.

关键词： Air pollution     Cerebrovascular disease     Incidence     Long-term exposure     Doubly robust additive model    

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Lung function and air pollution exposure in adults with asthma in Beijing: a 2-year longitudinal panel

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 574-583 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0882-1

摘要： The effect of air pollution on the lung function of adults with asthma remains unclear to date. This study followed 112 patients with asthma at 3-month intervals for 2 years. The pollutant exposure of the participants was estimated using the inverse distance weight method. The participants were divided into three groups according to their lung function level at every visit. A linear mixed-effect model was applied to predict the change in lung function with each unit change in pollution concentration. Exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) and particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM2.5) was negatively associated with large airway function in participants. In the severe group, exposure to chronic sulfur dioxide (SO2) was negatively associated with post-bronchodilator forced expiratory flow at 50%, between 25% and 75% of vital capacity % predicted (change of 95% CI per unit: −0.34 (−0.55, −0.12), −0.24 (−0.44, −0.03), respectively). In the mild group, the effect of SO2 on the small airways was similar to that in the severe group, and it was negatively associated with large airway function. Exposure to CO and PM2.5 was negatively associated with the large airway function of adults with asthma. The negative effects of SO2 were more evident and widely observed in adults with severe and mild asthma than in adults with moderate asthma. Patients with asthma react differently to air pollutants as evidenced by their lung function levels.

关键词： lung function     asthma     air pollution     adult    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Observation of black carbon aerosol in Beijing, 2003

LOU Shujuan, MAO Jietai, WANG Meihua

期刊论文

Key technological innovations in the construction of the main terminal of Beijing Daxing International

期刊论文

北京奥运催生我国第一条高速铁路

沈志云

期刊论文

Modeling and simulation of industrial water demand of Beijing municipality in China

Shouke WEI, Shafi Noor ISLAM, Alin LEI,

期刊论文

Impact of energy structure adjustment on air quality: a case study in Beijing, China

Bin ZHAO, Jiayu XU, Jiming HAO

期刊论文

Hydraulic model for multi-sources reclaimed water pipe network based on EPANET and its applications in Beijing

JIA Haifeng, WEI Wei, XIN Kunlun

期刊论文

speciation and anthropogenic sources of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during summer in Beijing

LU Sihua, LIU Ying, SHAO Min, HUANG Shan

期刊论文

Evaluation of ecosystem health for regional development in the southwestern Beijing, China

LIU Xuehua, ZHANG Shuang, XU Haoyang, SHAO Xiaoming

期刊论文

Land use/cover change effects on floods with different return periods: a case study of Beijing, China

Yueling WANG, Xiaoliu YANG

期刊论文

Efficiency evaluation of government investment for air pollution control in city clusters: A case from the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei

期刊论文

Local and regional contributions to PM in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics infrastructure areas during

期刊论文

Less attention paid to waterborne SARS-CoV-2 spreading in Beijing urban communities

期刊论文

FACTORS INFLUENCING FOOD-WASTE BEHAVIORS AT UNIVERSITY CANTEENS IN BEIJING, CHINA: AN INVESTIGATION BASED

期刊论文

Long-term exposure to air pollution and cerebrovascular disease: findings from Beijing Health Management

期刊论文

Lung function and air pollution exposure in adults with asthma in Beijing: a 2-year longitudinal panel

期刊论文