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KP法制浆 1

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珊瑚礁修复 1

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Spectrokinetics study of probable effects of diverse inorganic ions on bleaching of dye

Rafia AZMAT, Masooda QADRI, Fahim UDDIN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 131-138 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0556-z

摘要： Toluidine blue (TB) is an important anticoagulant metachromasia molecule showing a pronounced variation in the visible spectrum due to the aggregation phenomenon and electrostatic interaction with the charged synthetic and biologic polymers. The current study describes the interactive role of diverse inorganic material ions on the bleaching of toluidine blue (tolonium chloride) (TB ) with urea in acidic and basic media using the spectrophotometric technique. The spectra of TB and urea with different cations and anions were monitored and their characteristic features are presented here. The negative effect of added cations on reduction may be the result of altered electron pathways which led to suppression of the reduction/bleaching of TB, while a slight decrease in dye reduction by added anions may be due to the scavenging of the OH* radical. It has been observed in the case of Co that in addition to the electron-transfer reaction, other processes like layer and precipitate formation also appear to be taking place. The dye bleaching process followed pseudo first order kinetics with respect to TB, urea, and H ion, whereas significant decoloration in the presence of urea proved that reductants control the redox reaction. No decoloration in acidic medium with diverse ions was seen compared to alkaline media, showing that water pH played an important role in the bleaching of dye. The reduction/bleaching of dye was investigated at different temperatures, and energy parameters were evaluated for a TB -Urea reaction, including the energy of activation ( = 39.60 kJ·mol ), enthalpy of activation (? = 34?kJ·mol ), entropy of activation (? = 146.5 kJ mol ·K ), and free energy of activation (ΔG* = -52.35 kJ·mol ). A mechanism of interaction of diverse ions in dye bleaching and a mechanism of reduction based on the above findings is proposed.

关键词： TB diverse ions suppress decoloration

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热水预抽提对竹子硫酸盐纸浆无元素氯漂白性能的影响

胡会超,詹怀宇,黄六莲,陈礼辉

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第4期页码 96-100

摘要：

本文选用箱3 种热水预抽提H-因子（0、500 和1 000）和合适的蒸煮有效碱用量，得到卡伯值相近（20）的3 种竹子硫酸盐纸浆（KP浆）；然后，采用DQP（二氧化氯漂、螯合处理、过氧化氢漂）漂序，通过变化二氧化氯用量和过氧化氢用量，对比漂白浆的白度、返黄值、卡伯值降低率、黏度。发现热水预抽提可以提高纸浆漂白过程的卡伯值降低率；相同总有效氯因子下，漂后浆的白度较高，返黄值较低，黏度相近；达到相同白度（85 %ISO）可节省约1.4 %的总有效氯用量，然而返黄值略高。

关键词：热水预抽提 KP法制浆 DQP漂白竹子

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微生物组工程——极具前景的珊瑚健康改善途径 Review

李洁, 杨清松, 董俊德, Michael Sweet, 张颖, 刘聪, 张燕英, 唐小玉, 张文谦, 张偲

《工程（英文）》 2023年第28卷第9期页码 105-116 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.010

摘要：

受全球气侯变化和区域环境压力的双重影响，全球珊瑚正面临生存危机。珊瑚微生物学旨在阐释珊瑚及其共生微生物的互作关系，并运用相关知识提升珊瑚健康，相关的研究近年来备受关注。本文综述了珊瑚微生物组参与维持共生体健康的作用原理，如提供营养物质、促进生长发育、抵御病原微生物、缓解环境压力等。探讨了珊瑚微生物组工程通过精准、可控的微生物组操纵以提升珊瑚在动态环境条件下的耐受力和恢复力的可行性。尽管珊瑚微生物组工程仍处于发展初期，近期的突破性进展已表明它是保护和修复珊瑚礁生态系统的有效手段。为明确未来的研究目标，本文综述了微生物组工程的基本原理，并援引其在提升人类健康和促进农业增产方面的应用，提出了珊瑚微生物组工程的发展方向。最后，我们讨论了珊瑚微生物组工程应用于珊瑚礁保护与修复所面临的挑战，并提出了相应的建议。

关键词：珊瑚礁修复珊瑚共生体珊瑚益生菌白化微生物组工程