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母猪福利 1

猪 1

肠道生理 1

营养物质利用 1

高纤维日粮 1

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association analysis reveals genetic loci and candidate genes associated with intramuscular fat in Durocpigs

Xingwang WANG, Rongrong DING, Jianping QUAN, Linxue YANG, Ming YANG, Enqin ZHENG, Dewu LIU, Gengyuan CAI, Zhenfang WU, Jie YANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 335-341 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017152

摘要： Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a major meat-quality trait in pigs. The content of IMF is directly associated with the taste and flavor of pork. As a complex trait, there could be multiple genes affecting IMF content in pork. Genome-wide association study is a powerful tool to detect genomic regions associated with phenotypic variations. The objectives of the present study were to identify or refine the positions of genomic regions affecting IMF, and to characterize candidate genes and pathways that may influence this trait. Of note, we identified a significant region in longissium dorsi muscle in a Duroc pig population for IMF content with PorcineSNP60 v2 BeadChip. This region spans 1.24 Mb on chromosome 8 and had been identified as a quantitative trait locus for IMF in Pietrain, Large White, Landrace, and Leicoma pigs. In this region, eight SNPs were significantly associated with IMF content. Three genes proximal to these significant SNPs were considered candidate genes, including , and . Our results confirm several previous findings and highlight several genes that may contribute to IMF variation in Duroc pigs.

关键词： Duroc pigs genome-wide association analysis intramuscular fat

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Base editing in pigs for precision breeding

Ruigao SONG, Yu WANG, Yanfang WANG, Jianguo ZHAO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第2期页码 161-170 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019308

摘要：

Pigs are one of the most important domesticated animals and have great value in agriculture and biomedicine. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are a dominant type of genetic variation among individual pigs and contribute to the formation of traits. Precision single base substitution provides a strategy for accurate genetic improvement in pig production with the characterization of functional SNPs and genetic variants in pigs. Base editing has recently been developed as the latest gene-editing tool that can directly make changes in single nucleotides without introducing double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs), providing a promising solution for precise genetic modification in large animals. This review summarizes gene-editing developments and highlights recent genetic dissection related to SNPs in major economic traits which may have the potential to be modified using SNP-editing applications. In addition, limitations and future directions of base editing in pig breeding are discussed.

关键词： base editing genetic improvement pigs single nucleotide polymorphisms

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高纤维日粮对猪营养和代谢的影响综述

Atta K. Agyekum, C. Martin Nyachoti

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第5期页码 716-725 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.03.010

摘要：

目前，大量的低成本、纤维类的副产物被添加到猪的日粮中以减少猪的养殖成本。然而，由于猪不能有效降解膳食纤维，因此富含纤维的日粮营养价值偏低。此外，高纤维日粮会降低营养物质的利用率和猪的生长性能。最近的研究结果不一致，甚至互相矛盾，而且纤维来源、纤维类型和纤维水平也会影响高纤维日粮的负效应。另外，测定膳食纤维及其纤维组成的分析方法会经常干扰纤维对猪生长和生理反应的影响。虽然已经有一些改善纤维对猪的消极影响、提高日粮的营养价值的方法被逐渐应用，如外源纤维降解酶广泛应用于提高营养物质利用率和猪的生长性能。但是，与研究结果并不一致，还需要阐明外源纤维降解酶在猪的代谢和生理反应中的作用方式。另外，膳食纤维日益成为促进猪的肠道健康和改善妊娠母猪福利的方法。本文对膳食纤维及其对猪的营养、肠道生理和母猪福利的影响进行了讨论。同时，本文建议要对膳食纤维和外源酶如何提高猪对高纤维原料的利用率方面进行深入的研究。

关键词：肠道生理高纤维日粮营养物质利用猪母猪福利

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Porcine pluripotent stem cells: progress, challenges and prospects

Jianyong HAN, Yi-Liang MIAO, Jinlian HUA, Yan LI, Xue ZHANG, Jilong ZHOU, Na LI, Ying ZHANG, Jinying ZHANG, Zhonghua LIU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第1期页码 8-27 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018233

摘要：

Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are characterized by their capacity for high self-renewal and multiple differentiation potential and include embryonic stem cells, embryonic germ cells and induced PSCs. PSCs provide a very suitable model for the studies of human diseases, drugs screening, regenerative medicine and developmental biology research. Pigs are considered as an ideal model for preclinical development of human xenotransplantation, therapeutic approaches and regenerative medicine because of their size and physiological similarity to humans. However, lack of knowledge about the derivation, characterization and pluripotency mechanisms of porcine PSCs hinders progress in these biotechnologies. In this review, we discuss the latest progress on porcine PSCs generation, evaluation criteria for pluripotency, the scientific and technical questions arising from these studies. We also introduce our perspectives on porcine PSC research, in the hope of providing new ideas for generating naive porcine PSCs and animal breeding.

关键词： embryonic germ cells embryonic stem cells induced pluripotent stem cells pigs pluripotent stem cells