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Assessment of vaccination strategies against highly pathogenic avian influenza in China

Honglei SUN,Jinhua LIU

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第4期   页码 277-281 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014036

摘要: Vaccination for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) has been implemented in China for a decade, however, the virus is still present in poultry. A series of recombinant vaccines, Re-1 to Re-7, have been developed and used, and Re-8 will also be used in clinical settings to prevent the prevailing flu strains. The question remains, when can China eradicate the disease? Here, we review the epidemiology of H5 HPAI along with the development, usage and problems of vaccines. Further suggestions for controlling the disease in China are provided.

关键词: highly pathogenic avian influenza     vaccine     vaccination     control    

Seroprevalence of influenza viruses in Shandong, Northern China during the COVID-19 pandemic

《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 984-990 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0930-5

摘要: Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been commonly deployed to prevent and control the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), resulting in a worldwide decline in influenza prevalence. However, the influenza risk in China warrants cautious assessment. We conducted a cross-sectional, sero-epidemiological study in Shandong Province, Northern China in mid-2021. Hemagglutination inhibition was performed to test antibodies against four influenza vaccine strains. A combination of descriptive and meta-analyses was adopted to compare the seroprevalence of influenza antibodies before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The overall seroprevalence values against A/H1N1pdm09, A/H3N2, B/Victoria, and B/Yamagata were 17.8% (95% CI 16.2%–19.5%), 23.5% (95% CI 21.7%–25.4%), 7.6% (95% CI 6.6%–8.7%), and 15.0 (95% CI 13.5%–16.5%), respectively, in the study period. The overall vaccination rate was extremely low (2.6%). Our results revealed that antibody titers in vaccinated participants were significantly higher than those in unvaccinated individuals (P < 0.001). Notably, the meta-analysis showed that antibodies against A/H1N1pdm09 and A/H3N2 were significantly low in adults after the COVID-19 pandemic ( P < 0.01). Increasing vaccination rates and maintaining NPIs are recommended to prevent an elevated influenza risk in China.

关键词: influenza virus     seroprevalence     antibody     COVID-19     cross-sectional study    

Innate and adaptive T cells in influenza disease

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 34-47 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0606-8

摘要:

Influenza is a major global health problem, causing infections of the respiratory tract, often leading to acute pneumonia, life-threatening complications and even deaths. Over the last seven decades, vaccination strategies have been utilized to protect people from complications of influenza, especially groups at high risk of severe disease. While current vaccination regimens elicit strain-specific antibody responses, they fail to generate cross-protection against seasonal, pandemic and avian viruses. Moreover, vaccines designed to generate influenza-specific T-cell responses are yet to be optimized. During natural infection, viral replication is initially controlled by innate immunity before adaptive immune responses (T cells and antibody-producing B cells) achieve viral clearance and host recovery. Adaptive T and B cells maintain immunological memory and provide protection against subsequent infections with related influenza viruses. Recent studies also shed light on the role of innate T-cells (MAIT cells, gd T cells, and NKT cells) in controlling influenza and linking innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, thus making them attractive targets for vaccination strategies. We summarize the current knowledge on influenza-specific innate MAIT and gd T cells as well as adaptive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, and discuss how these responses can be harnessed by novel vaccine strategies to elicit cross-protective immunity against different influenza strains and subtypes.

关键词: influenza     innate T cells     CD4+ and CD8+ T cells     vaccination    

Research progress on human infection with avian influenza H7N9

Xiaoxin Wu, Lanlan Xiao, Lanjuan Li

《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 8-20 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0739-z

摘要: Since the first case of novel H7N9 infection was reported, China has experienced five epidemics of H7N9. During the fifth wave, a highly pathogenic H7N9 strain emerged. Meanwhile, the H7N9 virus continues to accumulate mutations, and its affinity for the human respiratory epithelial sialic acid 2-6 receptor has increased. Therefore, a pandemic is still possible. In the past 6 years, we have accumulated rich experience in dealing with H7N9, especially in terms of virus tracing, epidemiological research, key site mutation monitoring, critical disease mechanisms, clinical treatment, and vaccine development. In the research fields above, significant progress has been made to effectively control the spread of the epidemic and reduce the fatality rate. To fully document the research progress concerning H7N9, we reviewed the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of H7N9, the key gene mutations of the virus, and H7N9 vaccine, thus providing a scientific basis for further monitoring and prevention of H7N9 influenza epidemics.

关键词: H7N9     pandemic     epidemiology     mutations     vaccine     influenza    

Compiling of comprehensive data of human infections with novel influenza A (H7N9) virus

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 275-276 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0285-z

Recent advances in “universal” influenza virus antibodies: the rise of a hidden trimeric interface in

Yulu Wang, Dan Hu, Yanling Wu, Tianlei Ying

《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 149-159 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0764-y

摘要: Influenza causes seasonal outbreaks yearly and unpredictable pandemics with high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite significant efforts to address influenza, it remains a major threat to human public health. This issue is partially due to the lack of antiviral drugs with potent antiviral activity and broad reactivity against all influenza virus strains and the rapid emergence of drug-resistant variants. Moreover, designing a universal influenza vaccine that is sufficiently immunogenic to induce universal antibodies is difficult. Some novel epitopes hidden in the hemagglutinin (HA) trimeric interface have been discovered recently, and a number of antibodies targeting these epitopes have been found to be capable of neutralizing a broad range of influenza isolates. These findings may have important implications for the development of universal influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs. In this review, we focused on the antibodies targeting these newly discovered epitopes in the HA domain of the influenza virus to promote the development of universal anti-influenza antibodies or vaccines and extend the discovery to other viruses with similar conformational changes in envelope proteins.

关键词: influenza virus     neutralizing antibody     hemagglutinin     globular head region     trimeric interface    

Global influenza surveillancewith Laplacianmultidimensional scaling

Xi-chuan ZHOU,Fang TANG,Qin LI,Sheng-dong HU,Guo-jun LI,Yun-jian JIA,Xin-ke LI,Yu-jie FENG

《信息与电子工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第17卷 第5期   页码 413-421 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500356

摘要: The Global Influenza Surveillance Network is crucial for monitoring epidemic risk in participating countries. However, at present, the network has notable gaps in the developing world, principally in Africa and Asia where laboratory capabilities are limited. Moreover, for the last few years, various influenza viruses have been continuously emerging in the resource-limited countries, making these surveillance gaps a more imminent challenge. We present a spatial-transmission model to estimate epidemic risks in the countries where only partial or even no surveillance data are available. Motivated by the observation that countries in the same influenza transmission zone divided by the World Health Organization had similar transmission patterns, we propose to estimate the influenza epidemic risk of an unmonitored country by incorporating the surveillance data reported by countries of the same transmission zone. Experiments show that the risk estimates are highly correlated with the actual influenza morbidity trends for African and Asian countries. The proposed method may provide the much-needed capability to detect, assess, and notify potential influenza epidemics to the developing world.

关键词: Surveillance gap     Influenza     Spatial-transmission model    

Avian influenza A: an avian influenza virus from low pathogenic to highly pathogenic

William J. Liu, Haixia Xiao, Lianpan Dai, Di Liu, Jianjun Chen, Xiaopeng Qi, Yuhai Bi, Yi Shi, George F. Gao, Yingxia Liu

《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 507-527 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0814-5

摘要: The avian influenza A (H7N9) virus is a zoonotic virus that is closely associated with live poultry markets. It has caused infections in humans in China since 2013. Five waves of the H7N9 influenza epidemic occurred in China between March 2013 and September 2017. H7N9 with low-pathogenicity dominated in the first four waves, whereas highly pathogenic H7N9 influenza emerged in poultry and spread to humans during the fifth wave, causing wide concern. Specialists and officials from China and other countries responded quickly, controlled the epidemic well thus far, and characterized the virus by using new technologies and surveillance tools that were made possible by their preparedness efforts. Here, we review the characteristics of the H7N9 viruses that were identified while controlling the spread of the disease. It was summarized and discussed from the perspectives of molecular epidemiology, clinical features, virulence and pathogenesis, receptor binding, T-cell responses, monoclonal antibody development, vaccine development, and disease burden. These data provide tools for minimizing the future threat of H7N9 and other emerging and re-emerging viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2.

关键词: H7N9     HPAIV     epidemiology     clinical features     pathogenesis     hemagglutinin     immunity     vaccine    

Universal influenza virus vaccines: what can we learn from the human immune response following exposure

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 471-479 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0602-z

摘要:

Several universal influenza virus vaccine candidates based on eliciting antibodies against the hemagglutinin stalk domain are in development. Typically, these vaccines induce responses that target group 1 or group 2 hemagglutinins with little to no cross-group reactivity and protection. Similarly, the majority of human anti-stalk monoclonal antibodies that have been isolated are directed against group 1 or group 2 hemagglutinins with very few that bind to hemagglutinins of both groups. Here we review what is known about the human humoral immune response to vaccination and infection with H7 subtype influenza viruses on a polyclonal and monoclonal level. It seems that unlike vaccination with H5 hemagglutinin, which induces antibody responses mostly restricted to the group 1 stalk domain, H7 exposure induces both group 2 and cross-group antibody responses. A better understanding of this phenomenon and the underlying mechanisms might help to develop future universal influenza virus vaccine candidates.

关键词: universal influenza virus vaccine     hemagglutinin stalk     H7N9    

Endemicity of H9N2 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses in poultry in China poses a serious threat to poultry

Jiao HU,Xiufan LIU

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第1期   页码 11-24 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016092

摘要: The H9N2 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been circulating in poultry in China and become endemic since 1998 and 2004, respectively. Currently, they are prevalent in poultry throughout China. This endemicity makes them actively involved in the emergence of the novel lineages of other subtypes of influenza viruses, such as the well-known viruses of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N2 and the 2013 novel H7N7, H7N9 and H10N8 subtypes, thereby threatening both the poultry industry and public health. Here, we will review briefly the prevalence and evolution, pathogenicity, transmission, and disease control of these two subtypes and also discuss the possibility of emergence of potentially virulent and highly transmissible AIVs to humans.

关键词: avian influenza virus     H9N2     H5N1     novel viruses     public health    

The first avian influenza A (H7N9) viral infection in humans in Zhejiang Province, China: a death report

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 333-344 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0275-1

摘要:

This study reports the first death caused by a novel avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Zhejiang Province, China. The patient had chronic hepatitis B and history of exposure to poultry. The patient initially complained of diarrhea and influenza-like symptoms on March 7 and 14 respectively. The disease progressed to severe pneumonia, sustained hypoxia, and coagulation abnormalities. The patient died on March 27 because of respiratory failure, multiple organ failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation without oseltamivir treatment. This H7N9 virus from Zhejiang is highly similar to isolates obtained from Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui, etc. Analysis of hemagglutinin, neuramidinase, and matrix genes indicated that the isolates share the same avian origin, have low virulence, and are sensitive to oseltamivir, but are resistant to adamantine. Only the isolate that caused the fatality exhibited substitution of Q226I in the HA gene, which indicates a potentially enhanced human affinity. The secondary transmission rate was 1.6% (2/125). Only two health workers presented with influenza-like symptoms, and they subsequently tested negative for H7N9 RNA. In conclusion, underlying disease, late diagnosis, and untimely antiviral treatment are possible high-risk factors for infections and death caused by the low-pathogenicity avian influenza A (H7N9). Person-to-person transmission of the H7N9 virus was not detected among close contacts, but such transmission should be investigated in the future. Expanding and enhancing surveillance will help in the early discovery and diagnosis of suspected cases, which will reduce the number of severe cases and deaths.

关键词: avian influenza A (H7N9) virus     epidemiology     contacts     person-to-person transmission    

Pathogenesis of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection and the implication on management

Kelvin Kai-Wang TO FRCPath, Iris Wai-Sum LI FRCP, Ivan Fan-Ngai HUNG FRCP, Vincent Chi-Chung CHENG FRCPath, Kwok-Yung YUEN MD,

《医学前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 147-156 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0030-9

摘要: The pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus has caused the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century, leading to disproportionate fatalities in the low-risk population despite the generally mild nature of the illness. Advances in sci

关键词: influenza A virus     H1N1 subtype     pandemic     pathogenesis     virulence factors     immunity     management     antiviral    

COVID-19大流行期间流感活动呈“断崖式”下降——佩戴口罩、人员流动变化及SARS-CoV-2干扰的作用 Article

韩莎莎, 张婷, 吕岩, 赖圣杰, 戴佩希, 郑建东, 杨维中, 周晓华, 冯录召

《工程(英文)》 2023年 第21卷 第2期   页码 195-202 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.12.011

摘要:

一般情况下,每年冬季是季节性流感高发季节,但在当前新冠病毒肺炎(COVID-19)大流行期间,全球季节性流感活动呈“断崖式”下降。为应对即将到来的流感季节,亟需弄清这种前所未有的流感低水平流行的原因。本文中,我们探索了一种国家特异性推理模型,利用该模型估计中国、英国和美国这三个国家中佩戴口罩、人员流动变化(国际和国内)以及严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 型(SARS-CoV-2)干扰的影响。结果发现,在这些地区增加一周佩戴口罩的干预措施,流感活动可减少11.3%~35.2%。实施一周的限制人员流动措施对国际(流感活动可减少1.7%~6.5%)和国内社区(流感活动可减少1.6%~2.8%)的影响较小。2020—2021 年,仅佩戴口罩这一项干预措施就可使阳性率下降13.3%~19.8%。仅人员流动变化可使阳性率降低5.2%~14.0%,其中,79.8%~98.2%归因于国际旅行限制。SARS-CoV-2 干扰仅在2019—2020 年具有统计学显著效应。中国北方地区及英国的阳性百分比分别降低7.6%(2.4~14.4)和10.2%(7.2~13.6)。探索所得出的结果对了解非药物干预措施和其他呼吸系统疾病背景下的流感演变有一定意义,有助于制定卫生政策,并可为公共卫生措施的个性化设计提供信息。

关键词: 流行性感冒     佩戴口罩     限制人员流动     SARS-CoV-2干扰     非药物干预措施    

从H1N1血凝素序列提取的沙门氏菌传递的COBRA-HA1抗原对甲型流感亚型产生广谱保护作用 Article

Ram Prasad Aganja, Amal Senevirathne, Chandran Sivasankar, John Hwa Lee

《工程(英文)》 2024年 第32卷 第1期   页码 42-57 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.08.001

摘要:

A universal vaccine is in high demand to address the uncertainties of antigenic drift and the reduced effectiveness of current influenza vaccines. In this study, a strategy called computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA) was used to generate a consensus sequence of the hemagglutinin globular head portion (HA1) of influenza virus samples collected from 1918 to 2021 to trace evolutionary changes and incorporate them into the designed constructs. Constructs carrying different HA1 regions were delivered into eukaryotic cells by Salmonella-mediated bactofection using a Semliki Forest virus RdRp-dependent eukaryotic expression system, pJHL204. Recombinant protein expression was confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence assays. Mice immunized with the designed constructs produced a humoral response, with a significant increase in immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels, and a cell-mediated immune response, including a 1.5-fold increase in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Specifically, constructs #1 and #5 increased the production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, skewing the response toward the T helper type 1 cell (Th1) pathway. Additionally, interleukin-4 (IL-4)-producing T cells were upregulated 4-fold. Protective efficacy was demonstrated, with up to 4-fold higher production of neutralizing antibodies and a hemagglutination inhibition titer > 40 against the selected viral strains. The designed constructs conferred a broadly protective immune response, resulting in a notable reduction in viral titer and minimal inflammation in the lungs of mice challenged with the influenza A/PR8/34, A/Brisbane/59/2007, A/California/07/2009, KBPV VR-92, and NCCP 43021 strains. This discovery revolutionizes influenza vaccine design and delivery; Salmonella-mediated COBRA-HA1 is a highly effective in vivo antigen presentation strategy. This approach can effectively combat seasonal H1N1 influenza strains and potential pandemic outbreaks.

关键词: COBRA     Influenza A     Salmonella     Vaccine     Broad spectral protection    

流感与COVID-19患者的免疫球蛋白G糖基化差异 Article

Marina Kljaković-Gašpić Batinjan, Tea Petrović, Frano Vučković, Irzal Hadžibegović, Barbara Radovani, Ivana Jurin, Lovorka Đerek, Eva Huljev, Alemka Markotić, Ivica Lukšić, Irena Trbojević-Akmačić, Gordan Lauc, Ivan Gudelj, Rok Čivljak

《工程(英文)》 2023年 第26卷 第7期   页码 54-62 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.007

摘要:

The essential role of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in immune system regulation and combatting infectious diseases cannot be fully recognized without an understanding of the changes in its N-glycans attached to the asparagine 297 of the Fc domain that occur under such circumstances. These glycans impact the antibody stability, half-life, secretion, immunogenicity, and effector functions. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed and compared the total IgG glycome—at the level of individual glycan structures and derived glycosylation traits (sialylation, galactosylation, fucosylation, and bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc))—of 64 patients with influenza, 77 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and 56 healthy controls. Our study revealed a significant decrease in IgG galactosylation, sialylation, and bisecting GlcNAc (where the latter shows the most significant decrease) in deceased COVID-19 patients, whereas IgG fucosylation was increased. On the other hand, IgG galactosylation remained stable in influenza patients and COVID-19 survivors. IgG glycosylation in influenza patients was more time-dependent: In the first seven days of the disease, sialylation increased and fucosylation and bisecting GlcNAc decreased; in the next 21 days, sialylation decreased and fucosylation increased (while bisecting GlcNAc remained stable). The similarity of IgG glycosylation changes in COVID-19 survivors and influenza patients may be the consequence of an adequate immune response to enveloped viruses, while the observed changes in deceased COVID-19 patients may indicate its deviation.

关键词: 流行性感冒     COVID-19     病毒感染     糖基化     免疫球蛋白G     肺炎    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Assessment of vaccination strategies against highly pathogenic avian influenza in China

Honglei SUN,Jinhua LIU

期刊论文

Seroprevalence of influenza viruses in Shandong, Northern China during the COVID-19 pandemic

期刊论文

Innate and adaptive T cells in influenza disease

null

期刊论文

Research progress on human infection with avian influenza H7N9

Xiaoxin Wu, Lanlan Xiao, Lanjuan Li

期刊论文

Compiling of comprehensive data of human infections with novel influenza A (H7N9) virus

null

期刊论文

Recent advances in “universal” influenza virus antibodies: the rise of a hidden trimeric interface in

Yulu Wang, Dan Hu, Yanling Wu, Tianlei Ying

期刊论文

Global influenza surveillancewith Laplacianmultidimensional scaling

Xi-chuan ZHOU,Fang TANG,Qin LI,Sheng-dong HU,Guo-jun LI,Yun-jian JIA,Xin-ke LI,Yu-jie FENG

期刊论文

Avian influenza A: an avian influenza virus from low pathogenic to highly pathogenic

William J. Liu, Haixia Xiao, Lianpan Dai, Di Liu, Jianjun Chen, Xiaopeng Qi, Yuhai Bi, Yi Shi, George F. Gao, Yingxia Liu

期刊论文

Universal influenza virus vaccines: what can we learn from the human immune response following exposure

null

期刊论文

Endemicity of H9N2 and H5N1 avian influenza viruses in poultry in China poses a serious threat to poultry

Jiao HU,Xiufan LIU

期刊论文

The first avian influenza A (H7N9) viral infection in humans in Zhejiang Province, China: a death report

null

期刊论文

Pathogenesis of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection and the implication on management

Kelvin Kai-Wang TO FRCPath, Iris Wai-Sum LI FRCP, Ivan Fan-Ngai HUNG FRCP, Vincent Chi-Chung CHENG FRCPath, Kwok-Yung YUEN MD,

期刊论文

COVID-19大流行期间流感活动呈“断崖式”下降——佩戴口罩、人员流动变化及SARS-CoV-2干扰的作用

韩莎莎, 张婷, 吕岩, 赖圣杰, 戴佩希, 郑建东, 杨维中, 周晓华, 冯录召

期刊论文

从H1N1血凝素序列提取的沙门氏菌传递的COBRA-HA1抗原对甲型流感亚型产生广谱保护作用

Ram Prasad Aganja, Amal Senevirathne, Chandran Sivasankar, John Hwa Lee

期刊论文

流感与COVID-19患者的免疫球蛋白G糖基化差异

Marina Kljaković-Gašpić Batinjan, Tea Petrović, Frano Vučković, Irzal Hadžibegović, Barbara Radovani, Ivana Jurin, Lovorka Đerek, Eva Huljev, Alemka Markotić, Ivica Lukšić, Irena Trbojević-Akmačić, Gordan Lauc, Ivan Gudelj, Rok Čivljak

期刊论文